2016-2018年上海市戒烟门诊患者干预效果分析

【目的】了解上海市戒烟门诊就诊患者的一般情况、吸烟情况、戒烟情况以及1个月随访情况,为进一步有效开展戒烟门诊提供科学依据。【方法】调查2016年1月1日-2018年12月31日前往项目选定戒烟门诊就诊的841名吸烟者,并于1个月后完成725名患者的随访工作,利用SPSS软件分析收集到的相关数据。【结果】2018年就诊患者中91.3%为男性;50.6%年龄在35~55岁;57.1%学历程度在小学及以下;60.2%是企业,商业,服务业工作人员。44.1%的患者每天吸烟支数在10~20支;34.6%的患者烟龄在10~20年;38.6%的患者起床后5 min内吸第1支烟。72.1%的患者在前往戒烟门诊前尝试过戒烟;14.8%的患者使用过电子烟帮助戒烟;33.9%知晓戒烟门诊的途径是本医院医生的告知;61.4%决定戒烟的原因是关注自己和家人的健康。2018年戒烟门诊1个月的时点戒烟率为48.8%;44.0%的患者认为对戒烟帮助最大的关键是自己的决心;46.2%戒烟未成功患者认为,最大的阻碍是烟瘾发作。【结论】上海市戒烟门诊的开设能够帮助患者戒烟,但依然存在一些问题。针对前往戒烟门诊的患者特点,应及时找出戒烟门诊宣传上的薄弱点,例如女性、低文化水平以及务农职业的患者较少;依据患者吸烟的情况,切实提升戒烟门诊服务质量;找出戒烟门诊在提供再次戒烟服务过程中的切入点,更好地完善上海市戒烟门诊的建设工作。

Intervention effect of smoking cessation clinics in Shanghai from 2016 to 2018

Objective] To investigate the general situation,smoking status,smoking cessation status and one-month follow-up examination in Shanghai,providing scientific basis for further effective development of smoking cessation clinics in Shanghai. Methods] A total of 841 smokers who visited the smoking cessation clinic from 2016 to 2018 were investigated and 725 patients were followed up one month later.The data thus obtained were analyzed by SPSS software. Results] In general,of the visiting patients in 2018,91.3% were male,50.6% were 35-55 years old,57.1% had educational background in primary school or below,and 60.2% were employees of enterprises,businesses and service industries.In terms of smoking,44.1% of the patients smoked 10-20 cigarettes a day,34.6% smoked for 10-20 years,and 38.6% smoked the first cigarette within 5 minutes after getting up.With regards to the situation of smoking cessation,72.1% of the patients tried to quit smoking before going to the clinic;14.8% of the patients used electronic cigarettes to help quit smoking;33.9% learned about the smoking cessation clinic through the doctors;61.4% decided to quit smoking because they were concerned about their health and the health of their family members.According to the follow-up,the rate of quitting smoking in one month in 2018 was 48.8%;44.0% of the patients believed that their own determination was the key to quit smoking;46.2% of the patients who failed to quit smoking believed that if they tried to quit smoking again,the biggest obstacle was the onset of smoking addiction. Conclusion] The establishment of smoking cessation clinics in Shanghai can help patients quit smoking.However,there are still some problems in this regard.In view of the characteristics of the patients going to the smoking cessation clinic,we should find out the weaknesses in the propaganda of the smoking cessation clinic in time.For example,it is found that there are fewer smoking women,less educated and less farmers visiting the clinic;according to the smoking situation of the patients,we should clearly focus on updating the service quality of the smoking cessation clinic;proceeding from the follow-up situation,we should find out the the approach to the construction and perfection of smoking cessation clinics in Shanghai.