冰雪灾害期间集中供水水质应急监测结果分析与应对措施

目的通过对冰雪灾害期间集中供水水质监测,了解冰雪灾害期间集中式供水水质现状,对冰雪灾害期间集中式供水应急处置提供科学依据,保障冰雪灾害期间居民饮水安全。方法依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2006)对城市集中式供水工程水质监测结果进行分析和评价。结果2018年1月冰雪灾害期间共采集水样28份,合格9份,总合格率为32.14%,不合格指标主要为总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群和大肠埃希菌。2月供水恢复正常后,水样总体合格率显著提高,经统计学分析水样总体合格率比较差异有统计学意义(χ^2=25.2,P<0.05)。结论冰雪灾害期间受灾地区各水厂水质监测结果合格率较低,难以达到卫生学意义上的“安全饮水”,建议政府部门冰雪灾害期间加强自来水厂的监管,加大健康教育宣传力度,保障受冰雪灾害期间居民的饮水安全。

Analysis and countermeasures on emergency monitoring results of centralized water quality during snow and ice disasters

Objective To understand the current situation of centralized water quality during snow and ice disasters,so as to provide scientific basis for emergency treatment and ensure the safety of drinking water for residents during snow and ice disasters by monitoring the water quality of centralized water.Methods The emergency monitoring results of water quality of urban centralized water supply projects were analyzed and evaluated according to the Sanitary Standards of Drinking Water(GB 5749—2006).Results A total of 28 water samples were collected during the ice and snow disaster in January 2018.The qualified rate of samples was 32.14%,and the mainly unqualified indicators were total coliform,heat-resistant coliform and Escherichia coli.The qualified rate of water samples increased significantly with statistically different after the normal water supply returned to normal in February,and after statistical analysis,the overall pass rate of water samples was significantly different(χ^2=25.2,P<0.05).Conclusion During the snow and ice disaster,the qualified rate of water samples in the affected areas were low during snow and ice disasters,which was under the level of safe drinking water.It is recommended that government departments strengthen the supervision of the water quality monitoring during the snow and ice disasters and increase health education for publicity to guarantee the safety of drinking water for the residents.