首发精神分裂症的CT图像脑形态改变特征观察

目的探讨首发精神分裂症(FES)的CT图像脑形态改变特征。方法选取2018年1月至2019年1月我院收治的FES患者61例为研究对象,纳入观察组,另选取同期门诊健康体检者38例纳入对照组,两组均进行脑部CT检查,测量、计算相关数据及指标,比较FES患者与健康体检者脑部CT的区别,分析FES脑部CT的形态改变特征。结果观察组的FHI、VBR均显著高于对照组,CMI、PFAI均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组的侧脑室前角间最小宽度、侧脑室颞角最大宽度(右侧)、侧脑室颞角最大宽度(左侧)、第三脑室体部最大宽度均显著高于对照组,侧脑室前角间最大宽度显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组的前纵裂池最大宽度、外侧裂水平部最宽距离(左)、外侧裂垂直部最宽距离(左)、额叶额上沟最宽距离、外侧裂水平部最宽距离(右)、外侧裂垂直部最宽距离(右)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组的右内侧眶额叶、左侧中央旁小叶、左侧额极、左侧额上回、右侧额上回、左侧扣带回峡部均显著高于对照组,右侧三角部明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 FES患者大脑组织形态显著异于健康体检者,主要表现为脑萎缩、脑室扩大、脑体积减小,其脑部CT图像的形态改变可为精神分裂症病因学研究提供相关影像学依据。

Observation of Characteristics of Brain Morphological Changes in CT Images of First-episode Schizophrenia

Objective To investigate the characteristics of brain morphological changes in CT images of firstepisode schizophrenia(FES).Methods A total of 61 patients with FES admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 were selected for the study and enrolled in observation group.38 healthy subjects for physical examination at the same period were enrolled in control group.Brain CT scans were performed in the two groups.The relevant data and indicators were measured and calculated,and the differences of brain CT were compared between FES patients and healthy subjects,and the morphological changes of brain CT in FES were analyzed.Results The FHI and VBR in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group while the CMI and PFAI were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).The minimum width of anterior horn of lateral ventricle,maximum width of temporal horn of lateral ventricle(right side),maximum width of temporal horn of lateral ventricle(left side) and maximum width of third ventricle in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group,and the maximum width of anterior horn of lateral ventricle was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The maximum width of anteriornterhemispheric fissu re,the widest distance of horizontal part of lateral fissure(left),the widest distance of vertical part of lateral fissure(left),the widest distance of sulci frontal superior of frontal lobe,the widest distance of horizontal part of lateral fissure(right) and widest distance of vertical part of lateral fissure(right) in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05).The right medial orbital frontal lobe,left lateral center lobule,left frontal pole,left superior frontal gyrus,right superior frontal gyrus and left lateral cingulate cortexisthmus in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group,and the right triangular part was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Cerebral tissue morphology of patients with FES is significantly different from that of healthy subjects.The main manifestations are brain atrophy,ventricular enla rgement and brain volume reduction.The morphological changes of CT images in the brain can provide relevant imaging evidence for the etiology of schizophrenia.