佤、汉族青少年学生艾滋病知识、态度、行为的比较研究

目的了解佤族青少年学生艾滋病预防的知识、态度和行为状况，为制定云南省艾滋病高发的民族地区学校健康促进规划提供依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法，随机抽取云南边境沧源县12～18岁佤族学生1705名，配以昆明市748名汉族学生为对照，进行AIDS预防知识态度和行为调查。结果佤族青少年学生艾滋病预防知晓率远低于汉族学生（P≤0．01）；歧视HIV／AIDS达69．33％，显著高于汉族学生（P≤0．01）；佤族青少年学生吸烟≥1支／周的为14．6％、尝试吸毒的占3．99％、有性行为的占15．31％，其危险行为远高于汉族学生的4．55％、1．87％和3．07％（P≤0．01）。结论佤族青少年学生艾滋病预防知识知晓率低，对艾滋病患者歧视严重，危险行为高。应加强跨境民族及艾滋病高发区学校健康教育，开展“学校社区一家庭”干预势在必行。

Comparative Analysis of AIDS Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Wa and Han Ethnic Adolescents

Objectives To investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practice （KAP） of AIDS among adolescents of Wa Ethnic Group, and to provide reference for formulating health promotion planning in schools of the frontier mi- nority area where the prevalence of AIDS was high. Methods Using cluster random sampling method was used to select 1 705 students between 12 ~ 18 years old in Cangyuan, meanwhile 748 students of Han ethnic group from Kunming were chosen as control group. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information of KAP of AIDS. Results The awareness rate of HIV/AIDS of the students of Wa ethnic group was lower than that of the students of Han ethnic group （P~0.01）. The discrimination rate of HIV/AIDS was 69.33% for students of Wa ethnic group, which was higher than that of Han ethnic group. The proportions of students of Wa ethnic group who had the risk behaviors such as smoking 〉l/w （14. 6%）, drug-taking （3. 99%） and sexual behavior （15. 31%） were higher than those of the Han ethnic group 4.55 %, 1.87% and 3.07% respectively. Conclusions The aware- ness rate of HIV/AIDS of adolescents of Wa ethnic group is low, the discrimination rate is high, and they have more risk behaviors. It＇s necessary for the border area to improve HIV/AIDS prevention through carrying out health promotion in school.