宠物犬自然感染乙型脑炎病毒中和抗体动态变化的研究

目的 以宠物犬为研究对象,监测在自然感染条件下其体内乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)中和抗体随流行季节的变化规律, 进而评估JEV感染人的风险性。方法 按月采集不同年龄的宠物犬血液,分离血清,用微量细胞中和试验检测血清JEV中和抗体。结果 共得到宠物犬血清253份,中和抗体阳性率达到28.1%。不同季节间犬JEV中和抗体阳性率差异显著,JEV流行季节(6-9月)之前(3-5月)和之后(10-12月)的3个月中和抗体阳性率分别为16.3%和43.4%,差异有统计学意义(χ²=14.432, P<0.01)。小于1岁与大于1岁的宠物犬中和抗体阳性率分别为24.1%和39.0%,二者差异显著(χ²=5.633, P<0.05)。而犬的性别间中和抗体阳性率显著无统计学意义(χ²=1.860, P>0.05)。结论 在JE流行季节宠物犬受到JEV自然感染的机率较高,可作为哨兵动物来评估JEV感染人的风险。

Dynamics of the neutralizing antibodies against Japanese encephalitis virus in companion dogs infected naturally

In this experiment, we collected 253 samples of sera from companion dogs with different ages during 2011- 2012 and detected JEV neutralizing antibodies. The overall positive rate of JEV neutralizing antibodies in companion dogs was 28.1%, with significant seasonal variation. The positive rate for the months before （March to May） and after （October to De- cember） JE epidemic season （June to September） was 16. 3% and 43. 4%, respectively, showing a statistically significant difference between the two groups （X2 =14. 432, P〉0.01）. The positive rate for dogs younger and older than one year was 24.1% and 36.1%, respectively, and a statistically significant difference was detected between the two groups （3（2 =3. 952, P d0.05）. The positive rate for the male and female companion dogs was 32.5% and 24.6%, respectively, while no statistical significance was found （Xz= 1. 860, P〉0.05）. Results showed that companion dogs were infected with JEV seriously, espe cially in the JE epidemic season, and companion dogs could serve as a sentinel animal to assess the risk of human infection by JEV