水通道蛋白-1及其在心脏中作用的研究进展

水通道蛋白-1(AQP1)是水通道蛋白(AQPs)家族中发现最早且分布最广泛的成员,具有特殊的分子结构,受多种因素的调节。除转运水分子外,AQP1还能转运多种气体分子并参与细胞游走过程。心脏组织中AQP1主要在红细胞、毛细血管内皮细胞以及心肌细胞中表达。心肌细胞内AQP1定位于细胞质膜,可能参加兴奋—收缩偶联过程以及水分子的转运,调节心脏的各种生理和病理过程的水代谢。体外循环心脏手术可以影响AQPs的表达及活性,导致术后心肌水肿。心脏中AQPs的研究对临床工作有重要的指导意义。

Research progress of aquaporin-1 and its role in heart

Aquaporin-1 (AQP1), which has a special molecular structure and is regulated by many factors, is the earliest found and most widely distributed aquaporin (AQP). In addition to transporting water, AQP1 may participate in a variety of gas transportation and be involved in cell metastasis process. In heart tissues, AQP1 is mainly expressed in erythrocytes, capillary endothelial cells and myocardial cells. AQP1 is located in cytoplasma membrane of myocardial cells, and may participate in the process of excitation-contraction coupling and transportation of water, which regulates water metabolism in various physiological and pathological process. Cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation can influence the expression and activity of AQPs, leading to cardiac edema. The investigations of AQPs have important guiding effects in clinical practice.