系统康复护理对ICU转出后颅脑损伤气管切开患者的护理效果分析

目的探讨系统康复护理对ICU转出后颅脑损伤气管切开患者的护理效果。方法回顾性分析2010年1月—2011年1月由我院神经外科ICU治疗后转出的颅脑损伤气管切开患者60例,分为对照组和研究组,各30例。对照组采用基础护理,研究组患者进行系统康复护理。比较两组患者护理前及护理后日常生活能力（ADL）、格拉斯哥昏迷量表（GCS）评分,认知功能采用简明智力状态检查（MMSE）评分进行评价;并比较两组护理前后出现的肺部感染、重度压疮等并发症情况。结果研究组患者护理前MMSE、GCS、ADL评分均少于护理后,组内比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。护理后研究组MMSE、GCS、ADL评分均优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组护理前后肺部感染率、重度压疮发生率、脓毒血症发生率组内比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,护理后两组肺部感染率、重度压疮发生率、脓毒血症发生率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论采用系统康复护理患者认知、运动、神经功能恢复优于护理前,MMSE、GCS、ADL评分均得到明显改善,且肺部感染、重度压疮较少。

Nursing Effect of Systematic Rehabilitation Nursing for Craniocerebral Trauma Patients Treated with Tracheotomy That Transferred from ICU

Objective To study nursing effect of systematic rehabilitation nursing for craniocerebral trauma patients treated with tracheotomy that transferred from ICU. Methods A total of 60 patients treated with tracheotomy that transferred from ICU from January 2010 to January 2011 were retrospectively analyzed,they were divided into control group and study group,30 cases in each group. Control group given primary care,study group given systematic rehabilitation nursing. Scores of activity of daily living scale（ ADL）,glasgow coma scale（ GCS） and mini- mental state examination（ MMSE） of the two groups were compared before and after nursing,and incidence of lung infection,severe pressure ulcers and so on were compared too. Results Scores of MMSE,GCS and ADL in study group before nursing were lower than those after nursing,the differences were statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. After nursing the scores of MMSE,GCS and ADL in study group were lower than control group,the differences were statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. The incidence of lung infection,severe pressure ulcers,sepsis before nursing were statistically significant in each group when compared with those after nursing（ P〈0. 05）,after nursing the incidence of lung infection,severe pressure ulcers,sepsis were statistically significant between the two groups（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion After systematic rehabilitation nursing,the cognition function,motor function and nerve function of patients treated with tracheotomy that transferred from ICU are all well recovered,the scores of MMSE,GCS and ADL are all improved,with less lung infection and pressure ulcers.