印度成人对于儿童眼保健的认识及贫困因素对其的影响

目的：探讨印度金奈地区成人对于儿童视力筛查的认识以及贫困因素对其的影响。
　　方法：此研究采用为期4wk的现况研究方法，于2012－12在印度金奈市及周边社会经济发展水平较低的地区，随机选取参加拓展营的个体作为研究对象。在接受了免费的视力筛查之后，与他们进行了一个简短的半结构性面谈。每隔两位选取一位受访者在一开始就被问及是否有儿童居住在他们住宅区，回答肯定者则纳入此项研究。
　　结果：本研究共纳入120人，其中38％（95％CI：30～47）的人指出在他们住宅区内至少有一名儿童先前接受过眼部检查（组1），62％（95％CI：53～70）的参与者表示无儿童曾经接受过眼科检查（组2）。采用简单贫困记分卡方法测量两组贫困比分并无统计学差异。
　　结论：据不到半数的参与者回忆，他们的孩子之前曾接受过眼部检查。在贫困比分上，确认之前曾接受过眼部检查的参与者与没有接受过眼科检查的参与者之间无统计学差异。与孩子从未接受过眼科检查的参与者相比，那些孩子接受过眼部检查的参与者对该检查抱有更积极的态度。研究表明，成人对于孩子接受眼部检查重要性的认识不受贫困程度的影响，提高成人对于儿童接受眼部检查的认识可能需要更多的干预措施而不是扶贫。

Adult perceptions of child eye health care in India and the influence of poverty: a pilot study

AIM: To explore adult perceptions of vision screening for children in Chennai, India and the role that poverty may play in this.

METHODS:This was a four-week cross-sectional study, conducted on randomly selected individuals who attended outreach camps in low socio-economic areas in and around Chennai, India in December 2012. Individuals were approached after they had received their free vision screenings and asked to complete a short face to face semi-structured interview. Every third individual was approached and was initially asked if any children lived in their place of residence. If they responded yes, they were then asked to take part in the study.

RESULTS: A total of 120 individuals participated in the study. Of these, 38%(95%CI: 30, 47)of the participants indicated that at least one child in their residence had previously had an eye examination(group 1)and 62%(95%CI: 53, 70)of the participants responded that no child in their residence had ever had an eye examination(group 2). The median standardized poverty score, using the Simple Poverty Scorecard for India, was 61(range 19-80)and 60(range 21-93)in groups 1 and 2 respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the poverty scores in the two groups.

CONCLUSION:We found that less than half of the participants recalled that their children had previously had an eye examination. There was no statistically significant difference in the poverty scores between participants who identified the presence of a previous eye exam and those who did not. Compared to those participants whose children had never had an eye examination, those participants whose children had, were more likely to have a favourable attitude towards a check-up eye examination for their children. This study suggests that adult perceptions of the importance of eye examinations for children do not appear to be influenced by poverty levels. Improving adult perceptions of childhood eye examinations will likely require interventions other than poverty alleviation.