无细胞的异体神经修复鼠坐骨神经缺损

目的 通过化学萃取同种异体神经,去除髓鞘和雪旺细胞,形成无细胞基膜管后桥接鼠坐骨神经缺损,研究神经再生效果。方法 正常鼠坐骨神经用非变性生物剂处理后得到无细胞的基膜管,桥接鼠坐骨神经20mm缺损。实验分3组:无细胞基膜管移植组(A组),自体神经移植组(B组)和异体神经移植组(C组)。术后进行肌电图、光镜、电镜及图象分析仪检查。结果 A组再生神经有大量轴突通过移植体,术后2个月电生理检测再生神经的潜伏期及波幅低于B组(P<0.05),术后3个月2组差异无显著意义。髓鞘厚度在术后3个月时亦低于B组,差异有显著意义(P<0.05)。轴突直径及数目两组无差异。C组因无神经再生,结果无法测量。结论 这种无细胞基膜管移植体能支持轴突的生长和雪旺细胞的迁移,是一种良好的神经移植替代材料。

Repair of rat sciatic nerve gap with acellular allogeneic nerve grafts

Objective To study the effect of nerve regeneration through bridging the gap of sciatic nerve at ratswith acellular basal lamina tubes after removal of Schwann cell and myelin sheath by chemical extraction of allogeneicnerve. Methods Acellular basal lamina tubes were harvested from normal rat sciatic nerves treated with nondenaturingbiological detergents. The nerve gap 20mm in length was bridged. The SD rats were divided randomly into threegroups, 10 in each: acellular basal Iamina tubes grafting(group A), autogenous nerve grafting(group B) and allogeneicnerve grafting(group C). The electromyographic examination, light and electron microscopic and image analysis weredone postoperatively. Results A numbar of regenerating axons were crossed into the grafts in group A. The latencyand amplitude of the regenerating nerve in group A were lower than that in group B at postoperative 2 months(P<0.05), but there was no staistical difference in 2 groups at 3 months. The thickness of myelin sheath in group A wasthinner than that in group B(P<0.05) at 3 months, while there was no difference in the number and diameter of axonsin both groups. No nerve regeneration in group C was found. Conclusion The acellular basal lamina tubes graftingcan support outgrowth of axons and migration of Schwann cell, which is a good substitute for nerve grafts.