医院重症监护室导管相关性医院感染危险因素研究

目的研究医院重症监护室导管相关性医院感染危险因素,为采取防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用目标性监测方法,对该医院2007~2008年期间重症监护室227例静脉留置导管住院患者临床资料进行了监测。结果在2年时间内,该重症监护室227例静脉留置导管患者中,发生导管相关性血流感染17例,感染率为7.49%。从感染病人标本中检出致病菌19株,其中革兰阳性球菌占47.37%,真菌占31.58%,革兰阴性杆菌占21.05%。静脉导管留置时间在1周以内,感染率为1.75%;留置时间2~3周,感染率为27.59%。股静脉留置者感染率为9.90%,颈内静脉留置者感染率为20%。结论重症监护室病人静脉留置导管时间是医院感染发生的主要危险因素,股静脉留置感染风险相对较低。

ANALYSIS OF THE RISK FACTORS OF CATHETER-RELATED NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

Objective To analysis the risk factors of catheter-related nosocomial infection in intensive care unit(ICU),in order to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control measures.Methods Objective investigation method was used to monitor 227clinical data of venous cannulation from 2007 to 2008 in ICU.Results In 227 patients,17 were catheter-related bloodstream infection,the infection rate was 7.49%.19 strains of bacteria were isolated from infected patients' specimens,of which Gram-positive was 47.37%,fungi was 31.58%,Gram-negative bacilli was 21.05%.The infection rate was 1.75% of patients whose venous catheters indwelled for 1 week,the infection rate was 27.59% of those for 2-3 weeks.The infection rate was 9.90% of patients with femoral vein catheter,the rate was 20% of patients with jugular vein.Conclusions The major risk factor of the nosocomial infection was venous catheters retention time.Indwelling at femoral vein was a relatively lower infection risk factor.