12个省市自治区水产品霍乱弧菌污染情况调查

目的了解霍乱弧菌在不同水产品及其流通环节中的污染情况,为制定霍乱预防控制措施提供依据。方法2005年7-9月在全国12个省、自治区、直辖市对不同种类水产品样本进行调查和霍乱弧菌的检测。结果共调查检测海、水产品样本12104份,霍乱弧菌总阳性检出率为0．52％。各类样本以甲鱼阳性率（1．72％）最高,其次为养殖水（1．14％）、蛙类（0．50％）,贝类最低（0．08％）。检测61株霍乱弧菌菌株47．54％为产毒株,且79．31％分离自甲鱼和养殖水。甲鱼在多环节的阳性率均较高,以养殖环节阳性率最高（2．38％）。结论我国12省（自治区、直辖市）水产品及其流通环节霍乱弧菌污染总体处于较低水平,甲鱼卫生管理问题应受到高度重视。

Investigation on status of pollution of vibrio cholera in seafood and aquatic products in 12 provinces of China in 2005

OBJECTIVE: To understand the pollution rates of vibrio cholera (V. cholera) in different seafood, aquatic products and their circulatory processes, so as to help making measures for cholera control and prevention. METHODS: Different seafood, aquatic products and breed water specimen collected from 12 provinces of China were tested from July to September in 2005. RESULT: A total of 12 104 samples of seafood and aquatic products were tested and the average pollution rate of vibrio cholera was 0.52%. The positive isolate rate of turtle sample (1.72%) was the highest among all samples. The second higher isolated rate was 1.14% in water specimen of turtle breed pool. The positive rate of bullfrog was 0.50%. The percentage of toxin strains was 47.54% and 79.31% of them were isolated from turtle and water samples of turtle breed pool. The important sector of the pollution of vibrio cholera was in turtle breed pool (2.38%). CONCLUSION: The average pollution rate of vibrio cholera in seafood and aquatic products in 12 provinces of China was low. It should be very necessary to supervise the sanitation in turtle breed for controlling and preventing the vibrio cholera.