海洛因成瘾者社区美沙酮维持治疗及影响因素

目的 了解四川省西昌市海洛因成瘾者社区美沙酮维持治疗的保持情况及其影响因素。方法 从2004年3月至2004年9月,在四川省西昌市社区美沙酮维持治疗门诊点调查首次参加社区美沙酮维持治疗的吸毒者206人,分析其本底的社会人口学、社会家庭功能、吸毒行为、性行为和治疗剂量与维持治疗保持的关系。结果 至2005年10月,206个研究对象社区美沙酮维持治疗的平均保持时间为（8．98±5．74）个月,维持治疗时间达半年和1年的保持率分别为58．7％和34．6％。在多因素Cox比例风险模型分析中,目前有工作（HR,0．60;95％CI,0．39—0．92）、过去1个月帮家人做家务的次数t〉30次（HR,0．59;95％CI,0．42～0．82）和自愿戒毒治疗次数≥3次（HR,0．65;95％CI,0．47—0．91）与维持治疗脱失发生的关系差异有统计学意义。结论 应对美沙酮维持治疗参加者开展干预服务以提高维持治疗的保持率。

Factors associated with retention in a community-based methadone maintenance treatment among heroin addicts

OBJECTIVE: To explore factors associated with retention in a community-based methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) among heroin addicts in Xichang of Sichuan province. METHODS: All 206 heroin addicts were first admitted to MMT community-based program between March to September 2004. Baseline data of patients characteristics, social function, drug using behaviors, sexual behaviors, dose of methadone and retention were collected. RESULTS: Up to Oct, 2005, all 206 patients contributed 8.98 +/- 5.74 person-months of following-up. The retention rates were 58.7% after 6 months and 34.6% after 12 months respectively. Cox proportional hazard regression model indicated that the employed (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.39 - 0.92), helping family to do housework in past 30 days more than once a day (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.42 - 0.82) and previous self-detoxification > or = 3 times (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.47 - 0.91) were independently associated with retention. CONCLUSION: We should give individual counseling to help heroin addicts increasing compliance.