多重实时PCR检测沙门菌、志贺菌和致泻性大肠埃希菌

目的 建立多重实时荧光PCR检测沙门菌侵袭蛋白A基因（invA）、肠产毒性大肠埃希菌（ETEC）不耐热肠毒素基因（elt）、志贺菌和肠侵袭性大肠埃希菌侵袭力基因（ipaH）的方法。方法 优化多重实时荧光PCR的反应条件,检测系列10倍稀释的阳性菌DNA提取物。90份腹泻患者粪便样品经缓冲蛋白胨水（buffered peptone water,BP）增菌6h后进行多重实时荧光PCR检测,并对阳性标本进行菌株分离和鉴定。结果 多重实时PCR方法最低可以检测到10CFU／μl的福氏2aF301株、10。CFU／μl的鼠伤寒沙门菌和ETEC44815株。检测腹泻患者粪便样品,elt基因阳性率为14．4％（13／90）,ipaH基因阳性率为5．6％（5／90）;并从阳性样品中分离到3株elt基因阳性大肠埃希菌和4株ipaH基因阳性大肠埃希菌。整个检测过程可在10h内完成,其中包括BP增菌6h。结论 建立了同时检测invA、elt、ipaH毒力基因的多重实时荧光PCR方法,具有高度的特异性,可用于沙门菌、肠产毒性大肠埃希菌、志贺菌和肠侵袭性大肠埃希菌菌株的毒力基因鉴定及临床腹泻粪便标本的快速筛检。

Multiplex real-time PCR detecting Salmonella, Shigella and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli

OBJECTIVE: To develop a mutiplex real-time PCR for the detection of Salmonella invasion protein A gene (invA), enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) heat-labile I enterotoxin gene (elt), and Shigella or enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) invasive plasmid antigen H gene (ipaH). METHODS: Under the optimized reaction conditions of the multiplex real-time PCR, invA, elt, and ipaH were determined in 10-fold series of dilution of DNA extracted from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, ETEC 44815 strain and Shigella F301 strain. The three genes were examined in 90 fecal samples from diarrhea patients using the multiplex real-time PCR. When PCR-positive samples were found, the target strains were isolated and identified. RESULTS: The detectable concentration for this multiplex real-time PCR was 10 CFU/microl for Shigella F301 strain, 10(2) CFU/microl for S. enterica serovar Typhimurium and ETEC 44815 strain, respectively. Out of 90 fecal samples from diarrhea patients, thirteen were found positive for elt gene (14.4%), and five were found positive for ipaH gene (5.6%). Three E. coli strains positive for elt gene and four E. coli strains positive for ipaH gene were isolated successfully from the PCR-positive samples mentioned above. The detection of invA, elt and ipaH genes was completed in 10 h, which included an enrichment period of 6 h. CONCLUSION: The multiplex real-time PCR assay can detect invA, elt, ipaH simultaneously in a single reaction, moreover, it can detect for virulence genes in strains of Salmonella, ETEC, and Shigella or EIEC and screen these pathogens in fecal specimens from patients with diarrhea with a high specificity.