假肢常用材料与人体皮肤摩擦学及其生物相容性

背景：目前主要采用强度高,质量轻的高分子材料来制造假肢零部件,其中热塑性塑料板材、树脂基复合材料、低温热塑材料采用最广泛。目的：分析假肢常用高分子材料与人体皮肤的摩擦学及生物学相容性。方法：由作者检索1990/2008万方数据库有关假肢的常用材料及其与皮肤摩擦学和生物学相容性等方面的文献。结果与结论：聚乙烯、聚丙烯以及改性聚酯等热塑板材,低温热板材料,硅橡胶,钛合金等均与人体皮肤具有良好的生物相容性,但与人体皮肤摩擦学方面各有优缺点,今后应以分子生物学研究和毒理学研究为基础,不断改进假体材料的组织相容性,更进一步探讨假体材料在人体内生理环境下的摩擦行为,找到更为确实可靠的理论依据进行体外实验,以便更好的设计假体模型,达到仿生效果。

Tribology and biocompatibility of prosthetic materials commonly used with the human skin

BACKGROUND：Currently,high-strength,lightweight polymer materials were mainly used to create prosthetic components. Thermoplastic sheet,resin-based composite materials,and low-temperature thermoplastic materials are used most widely. OBJECTIVE：To analyze the tribology and biocompatibility of polymer materials as prosthetic materials commonly used with the human skin. METHODS：Wanfang database was searched by the author for articles about prosthetic materials and their friction and biocompatibility with human skin published from 1990 to 2008. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Polyethylene,polypropylene and other thermoplastic polyester sheets,low-temperature hot-plate materials,silicone rubber,titanium,etc.,all have a good biocompatibility with human skin,but they have their own advantages and disadvantages on the tribology with human skin. In the future,based on molecular biology and toxicology,we should continuously improve prosthetic material biocompatibility,further explore the friction behavior under physiological conditions,find a reliable theoretical basis for in vitro experiments,and design a better prosthesis model to achieve the bionic effect.