关节软骨缺损的组织工程修复

背景：软骨组织工程主要由种子细胞、生物支架、生长因子3方面组成,如何完善软骨组织工程修复一直是科研工作者研究的重点。目的：全面了解应用软骨组织工程修复软骨损伤的研究现状。方法：计算机检索PubMed和CNKI数据库中2005/2010相关文献。以＂Cartilage,tissue engineering,repair＂或＂关节软骨、组织工程、修复＂为检索词进行检索。纳入与软骨组织工程密切相关的文献,排除重复性研究。结果与结论：共检索到167篇文献,排除无关重复的文献,保留20篇文献进行综述。研究认为种子细胞是软骨组织工程最关键的方面,包括软骨细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞、胚胎干细胞和通过基因工程得到的种子细胞。目前应用最多、应用前景最好的是骨髓间充质干细胞。生物支架经历了一个漫长的过程,趋向于复合性和功能性的方向发展。各种生长因子在组织工程中必不可少。转化生长因子、胰岛素样生长因子、骨形态发生蛋白等在软骨修复中发挥了重要的功能。

Repair of articular cartilage defects by tissue engineering

BACKGROUND：Seed cells,biological stents and growth factors are three major aspects of tissue engineering.How to improve the repair of cartilage defects by tissue engineering has been always the study focus.OBJIECTIVE：To generally investigate the research progress of cartilage defects by tissue engineering.METHODS：A computer-based retrieval was performed to search papers published between 2005-2010 in PubMed and CNKI databases using the Keywords ＂cartilage,tissue engineering,repair＂ in English or Chinese language.The papers that address cartilage tissue engineering were included and those with repetitive contents were excluded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：A total of 167 papers were retrieved and 20 papers were included in the final analysis.Seed cells are the key to cartilage tissue engineering,including chondrocytes,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,embryonic stem cells,and gene engineered seed cells.At present,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are most used and acquire best application prospect.Biological stents have experienced a long process and develop toward compound and functional application.Various growth factors are essential in tissue engineering.Transforming growth factor,insulin-like growth factor,and bone morphogenetic protein play an important role in repair of cartilage defects.