眼内异物及其并发症的临床分析

目的 探讨眼内异物的治疗方法及其并发症的处理。方法 收集眼内异物患者80例（84只眼）的临床资料，对其治疗方法和并发症的处理进行分析和总结。结果 眼内异物伤多见于男性青壮年，以崩入眼内的异物伤(76.3％)最为常见，其次为爆炸伤(15.0％)。位于眼球后段的异物可导致较严重的视力下降。常见并发症包括外伤性白内障、视网膜脱离、增生性玻璃体视网膜病变、铁锈症等。经过适当的手术治疗后，视力较术前明显提高（Ridit分析，P＜0.05）。结论 眼内异物伤严重危害视功能。尽快手术取出异物，大部分病人可获得较好的视功能。但视力预后仍取决于外伤和术后的并发症。陈旧性眼内异物常可导致不可逆性视力丧失。

Clinical Analysis on 80 Cases of Intraocular Foreign Bodies

Objective To study the treatment and complications of intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs). Methods The records of 80 patients (84 eyes) were reviewed. Their treatment and complications were analyzed and summarized. Results IOFB injuries were more common in young male. The most popular causes of wound were spurt (76.3％) and explosion (15.0％). IOFBs at the posterior segment often resulted in permanent and serious visual loss. Common complications included traumatic cataract, retinal detachment, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, ophthalmic siderosis and so on. After appropriate surgery treatment, most patients could obtain better vision than preoperative (Ridit analysis, P＜0.05). Conclusions IOFB injuries usually result in serious visual morbidity. IOFBs should be removed as soon as possible. After surgery, most patients can recover a better visual function. But the visual outcomes still depend on the traumatic conditions and postoperative complications. Old IOFBs often lead to irreversible visual disability.