Regulation of humoral immunity by gut microbial products |
| |
Authors: | Myunghoo Kim |
| |
Affiliation: | Laboratory of Immunology and Hematopoiesis, Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA |
| |
Abstract: | The intestinal tract provides ideal niches for several different microbial species, which are collectively called the gut microbiota. A key host immune effector that controls the microbiota and prevents mucosal infection is IgA. Gut microbiota-derived factors are largely classified into molecular pattern recognition receptor ligands and nutrient-derived metabolites including short-chain fatty acids and adenosine triphosphate. Along with host-derived factors such as retinoic acid, various cytokines and cytokine-like molecules, gut microbial products profoundly shape B cell responses. Gut microbial products can directly regulate B cell activation and differentiation. They can also indirectly affect B cells through epithelial cells, T cells, and myeloid cell subsets. We highlight the various direct and indirect mechanisms by which microbial products regulate humoral immunity. |
| |
Keywords: | Gut microbiota humoral immunity short-chain fatty acids IgA B cells |
|
|