长沙市学龄儿童打鼾与注意力缺陷 多动冲动的相关性

目的：了解长沙市学龄儿童打鼾的发生情况，探讨打鼾与注意力缺陷、多动冲动等行为问题之间的关系。方法：在长沙市5个行政辖区随机抽取1 736名6~12岁儿童，对受试儿童进行睡眠状况和父母版注意力缺陷多动障碍诊断量表的调查。结果：1 736名学龄儿童中频繁打鼾的发生率为5.7％，其中男童为7.5％，高于女童的3.8％（χ2＝18.782，P＜0.01）；6～9岁组为7.2%，高于10～12岁组的3.7%（χ2=9.666，P＜0.01）。打鼾组白天嗜睡发生率为31.5%，高于无打鼾组的25.9%（χ2=6.678，P＜0.01）。频繁打鼾组喉头哽咽、呼吸暂停、张口呼吸、睡眠多汗、不明原因觉醒或憋醒等症状的发生率均高于偶尔打鼾组、从无打鼾组（χ2分别=37.035，27.745，51.341，30.975，45.972，均P＜0.01）。注意力缺陷的发生率在打鼾频繁组、偶尔组及从无组分别为31.3%，16.2%，13.9%； 多动冲动的发生率分别为18.2%，9.9%，8.8%，二者组间差异均有显著性意义（χ2=20.592，P＜0.01； χ2=9.067， P＜0.05）。结论：长沙市学龄儿童打鼾发生率较高，打鼾与注意力缺陷、多动冲动等行为问题相关，应关注儿童打鼾及其心理行为发育状况。［中国当代儿科杂志，2009，11（7）：562-565］

Correlation of snoring with attention deficit and hyperactivity-impulsivity in school age children from Changsha City

Objective To investigate the prevalence of snoring in school age children from Changsha City,and study the correlation of snoring with attention deficit and hyperactivity-impulsivity.Methods A total of 1 736 children aged 6 to 12 years were randomly sampled from five districts in Changsha City.Their parents completed the questionnaires about children′s sleep conditions and the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnostic Scale-Parent Version.Results The total incidence rate of frequent snoring was 5.7%.Boys had higher incidence of frequent snoring than girls(7.5% vs 3.8%;χ2=18.782,P<0.01).The incidence of snoring in the 6-to 9-year-old group was higher than that of the 10-to 12-year-old group(χ2=9.666,P<0.01).The incidence of daytime sleepiness in the snoring group was higher than that in the non-snoring group(31.5% vs 25.9%;χ2=6.678,P<0.01).The incidences of larynx choking,sleep apnea,mouth breathing,hyperhidrosis,and awaking for unknown reasons or awaking by choke in the frequent snoring group were significantly higher than in the occasional snoring and the non-snoring groups(χ2=37.035,27.745,51.341,30.975,45.972 respectively;all P<0.01).The incidences of attention deficit(31.3%) and hyperactivity-impulsivity(18.2%) in the frequent snoring group were the highest,followed by the occasional snoring(16.2% and 9.9% respectively) and the non-snoring groups(13.9% and 8.8% respectively).There were significant differences in the incidence of both attention deficit(χ2=20.592,P<0.01) and hyperactivity-impulsivity(χ2=9.067,P<0.05) between groups.Conclusions There is a high incidence of snoring in school age children from Changsha City.Snoring is correlated to attention deficit and hyperactivity-impulsivity.It is essential to pay attention to the mental growth and behavioral problems in children with sleep snoring.