山西省定襄县2004-2010年学生肺结核发病特征分析

目的掌握学生肺结核病发病特征,为采取有效预防控制措施提供依据。方法使用Excel2003和SPSS11.5对疾病监测信息报告管理系统和结核病管理信息系统相关数据进行统计分析。结果 2004年以来学生肺结核发病率整体呈下降趋势,2010年已降到2.31/10万,但2005、2006、2009三个年度出现升高;学生肺结核占全部登记肺结核的比例呈逐年下降趋势;学生每年均列肺结核职业构成顺位的第二位;不同阶段学生肺结核发病中,高中学生发病数占学生总发病数的68.8%,初中学生占27.9%,小学生仅占3.3%;发现方式中,转诊和因症就诊分别占登记学生病例的55.7%和32.8%,健康体检最少仅占1.6%。结论学校肺结核疫情虽整体呈下降趋势,但集中出现疫情的可能性随时存在,必须予以高度重视,工作重点应放在高中阶段,学校应形成与结防机构的互动联防机制,及时发现可疑肺结核患者,同时要普及结核病防治知识,干预不良行为,减少感染传播的机会。

Characteristic Analysis of Tuberculosis Pulmonary among Students of Dingxiang County, Shanxi province from 2004 to 2010

Objective Is to understand the characteristics of tuberculosis and to provide some bases for effective measures. Methods Applied in the study include Excel2003 and SPSS 11.5. We analyse the data of the Management System of the Disease Monitoring Information and the Management System of the Tuberculosis Information. Results show that the students＇ incidence rate is decreasing as a whole ,and has fallen to 2.31/10 in 2010. However, the year of 2005, 2006 and 2009 saw a continual rise. The proportion of students with tuberculosis in registering tuberculosis cases is decreasing annually. Students rank 2 in the vocational structure of the tuberculosis. Besides, in diffferent age groups who get tuberculosis, senior middle school students account for 68.8%junior 27.9% and primary school students only 3.3%. As for the causes of their case, transfering consultation and clinical consultation take up 55.7% and 32.8% accordingly, but physical examination only 1.6%. Conclusion We can reach the that although tuberculosis＇ case in the school tend to decrease on the whole, the epidemic situation appears intensively at any time and we should attach our importance to the danger, especially senior middle schools. In addition, school ought to form Interactive defense mechanism weth the tuberculosis prevention organisition to find suspected tuberculosis patients and to publicize how to prevent tuberculosis and intervene in misconducts, so we can reduce the transmission of infection.