中国2006—2007年诺如病毒胃肠炎暴发及其病原学特征分析

目的 了解中国2006-2007年诺如病毒胃肠炎暴发及其病毒基因型别.方法 收集2006-2007年19起胃肠炎暴发的流行病学资料以及腹泻粪便样本,用RT-PCR方法对201份粪便标本进行诺如病毒、轮状病毒、星状病毒、腺病毒和札如病毒检测,对扩增产物进行序列测定.用Clustal X 1.83和MEGA4.0生物软件对诺如病毒序列进行序列比对和系统进化分析.结果 诺如病毒是引起病毒性胃肠炎暴发的主要病原之一(12/19,63.2%).在12起诺如病毒胃肠炎暴发中,变异株GⅡ-4/2006b是引起暴发的流行优势株(11/12,91.7%),其他型别包括GⅡ-17、GⅡ-6和GⅡ-3.诺如病毒引起的疫情暴发主要集中在冬春季节(12月至4月),发生场所多样,且各年龄组人群均有发病.同时,12起诺如病毒暴发中有2起与其他腹泻病毒混合感染,且在同一起暴发中病原具有病毒多样性和基因型别多样性.结论 诺如病毒是2006-2007年引起胃肠炎暴发疫情的主要病原之一,变异株GⅡ-4/2006b为流行优势株.

Outbreaks of noroviral gastroenteritis and their molecular characteristics in China, 2006 - 2007

Objective To acknowledge the epidemiology of gastroenteritis outbreaks caused by norobiruses and their genotypes. Methods Epidemiologic data and specimens were collected from 19 gastroenteritis outbreaks. 201 specimens were detected for norovirus, rotavirus, astrovirus,adenovirus and sapovirus by RT-PCR methods and PCR products were sequenced. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis were performed by Clustal X 1.83 and MEGA 4.0 programs.Results Noroviruses were one of the most predominant pathogens causing viral gastroenteritis outbreaks ( 12 of 19 outbreaks, accounting for 63.2% ). Variant G Ⅱ -4/2006b was the predominant strain responsible for 11 of the 12 NV-associated outbreaks. Other genotypes would include G Ⅱ -17,G Ⅱ -6 and G Ⅱ -3. The NV-associated gastrocnteritis outbreaks occurred mainly in winter and spring between December 2006 and April 2007. These gastroenteritis outbreaks caused by noroviruses would involve all age groups in various locations. Meantime, 2 out of 12 outbreaks were caused by norovirus or other viruses. In addition, multiple viruses and multiple genotypes of noroviruses were found in the same outbreak. Conclusion Noroviruses were one of the most major pathogens causing gastroenteritis outbreaks while G Ⅱ -4/2006b variant was identified as the predominant strain in China.