我国医用诊断X射线工作者1950～1995年非肿瘤死亡分析

目的：研究职业X射线照射对人类非肿瘤性疾病的影响及其规律。方法：采用队列研究的方法对我国医用诊断X射线工作者（放射组）及非放射科室医务工作者（对照组）的非肿瘤死因进行了随访观察和对比研究。结果：放射组非肿瘤死亡危险明显高于对照组，RR＝1．18，P＜0．01，危险显著的非肿瘤死因有：冠心病，RR＝1．39（＜0．01），脑血管病，RR＝1．36（P＜0．01），再生障碍性贫血，RR＝10．35（P＜0．01），神经系统疾病，RR＝2．06（P＜0．01），及皮肤、皮下组织疾病，RR＝3．23（P＜0．05）。结论：受到长期职业照射的X射线工作者非肿瘤病因死亡危险显著增高，其中冠心病 、脑血管病、再生障碍性贫血等死因危险可能与这种职业照射有关。

Noncancer death for medical diagnostic X-ray workers in China,1950-1995

Objective\ To investigate occupational radiation exposure effects on human non\|cancer diseases. Methods\ A cohort study for medical diagnostic X\|ray workers and medical workers who never engaged in X\|ray work was carried out. Results\ The significantly enhanced noncancer deaths for X\|ray workers were showed as follows:ischaemic heart disease,RR was 1\^39 ( P <0 01);cerebrovascular disease,RR=1\^36 ( P <0\^01);aplastic anemia,RR=10\^35 ( P <0 01);disease of the nervous system,RR=2 06 ( P <0\^01);disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissues,RR=3\^23 ( P <0\^05). Conclusions\ Long\|term occupational X\|ray irradiation can enhance the overall risk of deaths,in which,risk for heart disease,cerebrovascular disease and aplastic anemia deaths may significantly related to the occupational exposure.