HIV/HCV Co-infection: Pathogenesis, Clinical Complications, Treatment, and New Therapeutic Technologies |
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Authors: | Eva A Operskalski Andrea Kovacs |
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Institution: | (1) Maternal Child and Adolescent Center for Infectious Diseases and Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1640 Marengo Street, HRA 300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA |
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Abstract: | World-wide, hepatitis C virus (HCV) accounts for approximately 130 million chronic infections, with an overall 3% prevalence.
Four to 5 million persons are co-infected with HIV. It is well established that HIV has a negative impact on the natural history
of HCV, including a higher rate of viral persistence, increased viral load, and more rapid progression to fibrosis, end-stage
liver disease, and death. Whether HCV has a negative impact on HIV disease progression continues to be debated. However, following
the introduction of effective combination antiretroviral therapy, the survival of coinfected individuals has significantly
improved and HCV-associated diseases have emerged as the most important co-morbidities. In this review, we summarize the newest
studies regarding the pathogenesis of HIV/HCV coinfection, including effects of coinfection on HIV disease progression, HCV-associated
liver disease, the immune system, kidney and cardiovascular disease, and neurologic status; and effectiveness of current anti-HIV
and HCV therapies and proposed new treatment strategies. |
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