胎儿磁共振——磁共振检查的新领域

随着磁共振成像技术的改进，MRI现在可应用于胎儿诊断。MRI提供的胎儿结构信息的深度，意味着它不仅仅是超声有用的辅助诊断手段，史能清晰地显示胎儿结构，避免超声的局限性。目前，MRI在胎儿中枢神经系统异常中的诊断最有价值，在中枢神经系统，在脑室扩大、胼胝体发育不全和后颅窝畸形的诊断中最有优势，此外，在胎儿胸部和其他系统畸形诊断中逐渐显示优势。MRI还能准确测量胎儿器官体积和重量，可以评估胎儿生长受限。一些MRI新技术如弥散加权成像、磁共振波谱和功能成像也逐渐应用于胎儿，可以提高我们对胎儿在子宫内代谢和发育信息的认识。本文将详细介绍胎儿MRI的安全性、技术及各系统临床应用。

Fetal MR imaging: a new clinical application

Improvements in MR imaging now permit diagnostic images of the fetus to be obtained. The depth of structural information provided by MRI means it is more than just a useful adjunct to ultrasound, as several structures are more clearly visualized and many of the limitations of ultrasound are avoided. Currently, its value is best researched in fetal central nervous system disorders, MRI is most frequently utilized with reference to the fetal central nervous system and is valuable in ventriculomegaly, agenesis of the corpus callosum and posterior fossa abnormalities. Outside this, there is increasing interest in applying it to thoracic abnormalities and also scope for development in other niche areas. MRI is able to accurately determine fetal organ volumes and weight,although whether such measurements could play a role in conditions such as fetal growth restriction, has yet to be fully established. Techniques such as diffusion weighted imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy and functional imaging are also being remodelled for use in the fetus,improving our knowledge of in utero metabolism and development. This paper introduce the safety of fetal MRI, technology and the clinical application of the system.