人胎盘底蜕膜间充质干细胞的分离及其生物学特性研究

胎盘来源间充质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cells,,MSC）与骨髓间充质干细胞相比,具有来源充足、免疫原性低、病毒污染率较低,且无社会伦理争议等方面的优点,使其具有更好的临床应用前景。胎盘组织不但包括来自母体的绒毛膜组织、羊膜组织,还包括来自母体的底蜕膜组织,但底蜕膜来源间充质干细胞生物学特性还需要进一步研究探讨。我们使用酶消化法分离底蜕膜来源间充质干细胞,通过短串联重复序列分析（STR）检测细胞是否均来源于母体组织,用MTT法检测细胞生长方式,流式细胞仪分析细胞周期和细胞表型,使用不同的诱导分化培养基检测其多向分化的能力。然后将底蜕膜间充质干细胞细胞与植物血凝素刺激的外周血单个核细胞共培养,用酶联免疫吸附试验检测上清γ-干扰素的水平。结果表明：短串联重复序列分析证明所得到的细胞均来源于母体组织,底蜕膜细胞生长呈典型的成纤维细胞形态。细胞表达常见的间充质干细胞表面标记CD90、CD73、CD105、CD44,不表达CD45,CD11b和CD34。在不同的条件培养基培养状态下,细胞均可向成骨、成脂和成软骨方向分化。结论：从胎盘底蜕膜获得的细胞,具有间充质干细胞的基本特征,是底蜕膜间充质干细胞。底蜕膜间充质干细胞能抑制植物血凝素刺激的人外周血单个核细胞分泌γ-干扰素,这使得底蜕膜间充质干细胞作为一个母亲自体间充质干细胞的重要来源,能安全的用于治疗母亲的免疫系统疾病。

Isolation and Biological Characteristics of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Placenta Decidua Basalis

Comparing to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells（ MSCs）, placenta-derived MSCs have the advantages of adequate sources, low immunogenicity, little risk of viral contamination, and no ethical controversy, and thus possess a better prospect for clinical application. Placental tissue not only includes chorionic and amniotic, but also contains decidua basalis which locate in the maternal placenta surface. The biological characteristics of MSCs isolated from decidua basalis have not been well studied. This study was aimed to investigate the biologic characteristics of placeuta decidua basalis-derived MSC from placenta decidua basalis （DB） by enzymatic digestion. Short tandem repeats （STR） test was used to identify the cells derived from the maternal placenta surface. Growth rate of decidua basalis mesenchymal stem cells （DB-MSC） was measured by MTT. Cell cycle and cell phenotype were detected by flow cytometry. Inducing differentiation was used to evaluate multipotency of DB-MSC. For testing the immunesuppression of DB-MSC, they were co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMNC） stimulated by phytohemagglutinin （PHA） and then IFN-~/ in the co-cultured media was quantified by ELISA. The results showed that the cells were derived from the maternal placenta by STR analysis. DB-MSC showed typical fibroblast morphology in the culture and were positive for the MSC surface markers： CD90, CD73, CD105, CD44 and negative for CD45, CDIlb, and CD34.DB-MSC underwent osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation in inducing medium. DB-MSC could inhibit the secretion of IFN-/by PBMNC. It is concluded that the cells are isolated from placenta decidua basalis and possess the basic characteristics of MSC. DB-MSC can be an important maternal autologous MSC and may be a safe and effective treatment for immune system diseases, which makes the DB-MSC as an important source of autologous MSC from mother. DB-MSC can be safely for the treatment of the mother＇s immune system diseases,