无锡市城区20岁以上人群乙型肝炎病毒感染及免疫状况调查

目的 对江苏省无锡市城区20岁以上自然人群HBV感染与乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗接种关系进行研究.方法 按知情、自愿、随机的原则抽取无锡市20岁以上的自然人群3744名进行乙肝血清流行率和乙肝疫苗接种调查,采用ELISA和放射免疫分析法测定乙肝五项指标(HBsAg、抗-HBS、HBeAg、抗-HBe和抗-HBc).结果 3744名调查对象总HBV感染率经标化后为51.7%,HBsAg、抗-HBs、HBeAg、抗-HBe、抗-HBc阳性率经标化后分别为4.5%、48.5%、0.3%、3.5%、51.4%.30岁以下人群HBsAg阳性率最低,分别为2.9%和2.6%.抗-HBc阳性率男性显著高于女性(P<0.05),且随着年龄的增加而逐步升高(趋势χ2=256.2,P<0.001).该人群乙肝疫苗标化接种率为17.6%,随着年龄的增加接种率迅速下降(P<0.05).接种疫苗人群的HBsAg阳性率和HBV感染率明显低于未接种疫苗人群、抗-HBs阳性率则高于未接种人群(P值均<0.05).结论 成年人接种乙肝疫苗可以影响整个人群的HBV感染模式,在加强新生儿乙肝疫苗计划免疫同时,应进一步加强对成年人的乙肝疫苗免疫策略.

tudy on the prevalence rate and immunity of hepatitis B virus infection among urban adults aged over 20 years in Wuxi, Jiangsu province

Objective To study the relationship on the prevalence rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatitis B vaccination in urban citizens aged over 20 years old which would led to the development of strategies on HBV control. Methods A total of 3744 subjects from general population were randomly selected in this study. Both ELISA and radio immunoassay were used to test five items of HBV infection, including HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe and anti-HBc. Results The overall standardized infection rate of HBV was 51.7%, and HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe and anti-HBc were 4.5%,48.5 %, 0.3 %, 3.5 % and 51.4 %, respectively. The two lowest HBsAg positive rates were found in the groups under 30 years old (2.9%) and students (2.6%). Anti-HBc rate among men was significantly higher than seen in women (P<0.05), and showing a trend of increase with age (χ2> for trend= 256.2,P<0.001 ). The standardized rates of HB vaccination in this population was 17.6% and decreasing rapidly with age (P<0.05). People who had been vaccinated had both lower rates of HBsAg and HBV infection but higher rate of anti-HBs than those who had not (P<0.05). Conclusion liB vaccination in adults showed a reducing rate of HBV infection in the general population. Together with the enhancement of expanded program on immunization to wards HB vaccination in neonates, much attention should be paid to HB vaccination in adults.