乙酰甲胆碱在婴幼儿支气管激发试验中的安全性分析

目的:评价采用乙酰甲胆碱(Mch)对婴幼儿进行支气管激发试验(BPT)的安全性。方法:选取喘息性疾病病儿49例(喘息组)、慢性咳嗽病儿53例(慢性咳嗽组)和正常婴幼儿10例(正常组),分为3组,用Mch进行BPT,试验中观察病人呼吸、心率、咳嗽、哮鸣音等指标。结果:喘息、慢性咳嗽及正常组BPT阳性率分别为94％,79％,0％。喘息及慢性咳嗽组中出现一过性呼气性哮鸣音的病儿分别为57％,42％,出现咳嗽的病儿为24％,19％,呼吸频率＞60次·min~(-1)的有4例,心率＞140次·min~(-1)的5例,SaO_2＜0．80的3例,且均未出现面色青紫、呼吸窘迫及严重哮喘发作。结论:Mch在婴幼儿BPT临床应用中耐受性好、未出现任何严重不良反应,可安全应用。

Safety of methacholine in bronchial provocation test for infants

AIM:To evaluate the safety of the methacholine in the bronchial provocation test for infants. METHODS:Three groups of patients were enrolled,including 49 asthmatoid patients,53 patients with chronic cough,and 10 normal infants.Methacholine(Mch)was taken for the bronchial provocation test(BPT)and the indexes of respiration,heart rate,wheezing together with adverse reactions were recorded simultaneously. RESULTS:The positive rate of BPT for the forementioned 3 groups were 94%,79%,and 0%,respectively. The occurrences of transient expiratory wheezing and cough were 57% vs 42% and 24% vs 19%,in the 1st and 2nd group respectively.For all of the groups,there appeared to have only 4 patients with respiration fre- quency＞60·min~(-1),5 patients of heart rate＞140·min~(-1),and 3 patients of SaO_2＜0.80,and furthermore with more cyanotic complexion,respiratory embarrassment and severe asthmatic attack.CONCLUSION:BPT with Meh in infants possesses good tolerance and safety,clinically;without any severe adverse reactions.