肝干细胞向成熟肝细胞诱导分化的体内外特点

学术背景：肝干细胞能够被诱导分化为肝细胞，移植肝干细胞可以修复受损肝组织，代偿部分肝功能。 目的：介绍体内外诱导肝干细胞分化为成熟肝细胞的研究现状。 检索策略：应用计算机检索Pubmed 2000-01／2007—10期间相关文献，检索词“liver stem cell，differentiation”，并限定文献语种为“English”，同时计算机检索万方数据库2000-01／2007-10期间相关文献，检索词“肝干细胞，分化”，并限定文献语种为中文。纳入标准：文章内容与肝干细胞诱导分化相关。排除标准：重复研究或Meta分析类文章。 文献评价：就检索到的100余篇文献进行筛选，选择以肝干细胞诱导分化为主要研究内容的文献38篇，以近年发表在较权威杂志者优先，其中关于细胞分离培养及增殖的5篇，体外诱导分化的22篇，体内诱导分化的11篇。从筛选到的30余篇文献中进一步对关于向成熟肝细胞分化的文献进行归纳及整理，选择其中28篇作为参考文献进行综述。 资料综合：肝脏干细胞根据起源不同，可分为肝源性肝干细胞和非肝源性肝干细胞，前者包括卵圆细胞、分化的肝细胞、胎肝细胞和胆管上皮细胞，后者包括胚胎干细胞、骨髓造血干细胞、胰腺上皮祖细胞及肠上皮细胞等，均具有多向性演变的特性。肝干细胞的诱导分化：①体外诱导分化：可以是不同细胞因子或化学剂或病理微环境为主的细胞诱导培养体系，能使肝干细胞定向转化为肝细胞。②体内诱导分化：通过不同途径将肝干细胞植入体内，能够改善肝功能和受损肝脏的组织结构。 结论：肝干细胞研究仍处于理论和实验阶段，应进一步加强对干细胞诱导分化机制的研究，防止向肿瘤细胞分化，促进其分化为成熟肝细胞，推进肝干细胞的临床应用。

Characteristics of liver stem cells induced and differentiated into mature hepatocytes in vivo and in vitro

BACKGROUND： Liver stem cells can be induced and differentiated into mature hepatocytes. Transplanted liver stem cells would be good to recovery of damaged hepatic tissues and compensate some hepatic functions.
OBJECTIVE： To introduce the research status quo of liver stem cell induced and differentiated into mature hepatocytes in vivo and in vitro
RETRIEVAL STRATEGY： We searched in Pubmed for the literatures published from January 2000 to October 2007 with the key words of ＂liver stem cell, differentiation＂in English. We also searched in Wanfang database for relevant articles published from January 2000 to October 2007 in Chinese. Inclusive criterion： The articles related to the induction and differentiation of liver stem cells were collected. Exclusive criteria： Repetitive investigation or Meta analysis articles were excluded.
LITERATURE EVALUATION： From over 100 pieces we chosen 38 pieces of articles which focus on the induction and differentiation of liver stem cells, and those published in the more authorized journals within recent years were superiority. Of the total, 5 pieces were related on isolating culture and proliferation of cells, 22 pieces on induction and differentiation in vitro, and I l pieces on induction and differentiation in vivo. From over 30 pieces of articles, we summed up and arranged those about differentiation into mature hepatocytes. Of them, 28 were used as reference for review.
DATA SYNTHESIS： According to origin, liver stem cells can be divided into liver-derived liver stem cells and non-liver-derived liver stem cells. The former include oval cells, differentiated liver cells, fetal liver cells and bile duct endothelial cells. The latter include embryonic stem cells, bone marrow haemopoietic stem cells, pancreas glandular epithelium cells and enterocytes. All are characterized by pleiotropia variation. Induction and differentiation of liver stem cells： ①in vitro： Cell induction culture systems can be different cytokines or chemical agents or patho-micro