青光眼视神经保护治疗的实验研究

视网膜神经节细胞死亡是青光眼视神经损伤的最终共同通路，阻断或延缓神经节细胞原发性和（或）继发性损伤的治疗方法称为青光眼视神经保护治疗。目前这一领域的研究包括谷氨酸拮抗剂、钙通道阻滞剂、抗氧化剂、NO合成酶抑制剂、神经营养、凋亡抑制剂、疫苗等。在未来的青光眼治疗中视神经保护治疗很可能成为一种重要的辅助治疗措施，将和包括降眼压药在内的其他手段一起来减少各种原发性和（或）继发性致病因素对视网膜神经节细胞的损伤。

Current situation of experimental studies of glaucomatous optic neuroprotection therapy

The final common pathway of glaucomatous optic neuropathy is retinal ganglion cells death.Because lowering intraocular pressure is not always sufficient to halt the progression of this optic neuropathy , there has been considerable effort to develop therapeutics that prevent or delay the retinal ganglion cells from undergoing primary/secondary degeneration. This therapeutic strategy is termed neuroprotection. There are a number of promising areas of research for this new glaucoma therapies including glutamate antagonists, calcium channel blockers, antioxidants, nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, neurotrophins, vaccination, anti apoptotic agents and so on . In future, optic neuroprotection in glaucoma will likely become an important adjunct therapy with other cares including intraocular pressure lowering treatment to lessen the primary/secondary insults of retinal ganglion cells.