飞燕草素通过Nrf2/HO-1信号通路改善镉致雄性大鼠生殖损伤

目的 探讨飞燕草素(Dp)能否通过调节Nrf2/HO-1通路改善镉(Cd)致雄性大鼠生殖损伤。方法 随机将24只雄性Wistar大鼠分为对照组(0.9%生理盐水)、Dp组(400 mg/kg.bw的Dp溶液)、Cd组(5 mg/kg.bw的CdCl2溶液)、Dp+Cd组(400 mg/kg.bw的Dp溶液+5 mg/kg.bw的CdCl2溶液)。连续灌胃4周。干预结束后记录大鼠体重、睾丸、附睾重量；精子计数；HE染色检测各组大鼠睾丸、附睾组织形态学改变；免疫组织化学技术和TUNEL法检测生殖细胞增殖和凋亡情况。ELISA法检测血清MDA、SOD、GSH-Px和T-AOC、睾丸组织CAT、GSH氧化指标含量，以及血清睾酮、FSH性激素水平；蛋白质印迹技术测定Nrf2、HO-1蛋白表达水平。结果 与Cd组相比，Dp+Cd组精子数量、SOD、GSH-Px、T-AOC、CAT、GSH、睾酮含量、生殖细胞增殖率、Nrf2和HO-1蛋白表达水平均升高；Dp干预能够改善Cd导致的睾丸和附睾组织病理改变，抑制Cd导致的MDA、FSH含量增加和生殖细胞凋亡率升高。结论 Dp可能通过激活Nrf2/HO-1信号通路保护Cd诱导的雄性大鼠生殖损伤。

Delphinidin Ameliorates Cadmium-Induced Reproductive Damage in Male Rats via the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway

Objective To investigate the effects of delphinidin(Dp)on cadmium(Cd)-induced testicular andreproductive damage in male rats by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway.Methods A total of 24 Wistar rats wererandomly divided into four groups:control group(0.9%normal saline),Dp group(400 mg/kg.bwDp solution),Cd group(5 mg/kg.bw CdCl?solution),and Dp+Cd group(400 mg/kg.bw Dp solution+5 mg/kg.bw CaCl?solution).The ratswere orally gavaged for 4 weeks.The body weight,testicular weight,epididymal weight,andsperm count after theintervention were recorded.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was utilized to examine the histopathological alterations in thetesticular and epididymal tissues.Immunohistochemistry was performed to identify the proliferation of germ cells,whileTUNEL staining was utilized to detect the apoptosis within these cells.Additionally,ELISA was employed to measure theserum levels of MDA,SOD,GSH-Px and T-AOC,the levels of oxidation indexes such as CAT and GSH in the testiculartissue,and the serum levels of testosterone and sex hormone FSH.The expressions of Nrf2 and Ho-1 proteins weredetermined by Western blot.Results Compared to the Cd group,the Dp+Cd group showed increased sperm count,SOD,GSH-Px,T-AOC,CAT,GSH,and testosterone levels,germ cell proliferation rate,and Nrf2,HO-1 protein expression,while histopathological changes in testicular and epididymal tissues,MDA,FSH,and germ cell apoptosis rate weredecreased.Conclusion Dp may protect the male rat reproductive system from oxidative stress ipduced by Cd by activatingthe Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway.