Abnormal antioxidant vitamin and carotenoid status in chronic renal failure |
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Authors: | Ha TK; Sattar N; Talwar D; Cooney J; Simpson K; O'Reilly DS; Lean ME |
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Institution: | University of Glasgow Department of Human Nutrition, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK. |
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Abstract: | Oxidative modification of plasma lipoproteins increases their
atherogenicity. Nutritive antioxidants, including carotenoids, can prevent
such lipoperoxidation and may protect against atherosclerosis. Plasma
retinol, ascorbate, alpha-tocopherol and four carotenoids (lutein,
lycopene, alpha-carotene and beta-carotene) were measured using HPLC in 45
patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and in 21 controls. Plasma
retinol was significantly increased in patients with CRF (conservative
therapy mean of 3.7 mumol/l vs. 1.9 mumol/l; p < 0.001). Plasma lycopene
was significantly lower in patients with CRF (healthy mean 0.44 mumol/l vs.
conservative therapy mean 0.27 mumol/l and haemodialysis mean of 0.17
mumol/l; p < 0.001), a finding that persisted even after adjusting for
plasma cholesterol. Low circulating antioxidant lycopene levels may
contribute to an already impaired antioxidant defence system in patients
with CRF. The process of haemodialysis further compromises antioxidant
defences, principally by removing water-soluble ascorbate and urate, but
does not appear to affect circulating carotenoid concentrations.
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