颅脑损伤后癫痫发作的研究进展

颅脑损伤（TBI）后癫痫发作是严重TBI后常见的并发症，根据发作时间可分为即刻或早期的（≤7 d）TBI后抽搐发作和晚期的（>7 d）TBI后继发性癫痫。癫痫发作不仅导致TBI后早期并发症和死亡率升高，而且也是TBI后数年死亡的主要原因。许多对TBI后癫痫发作机制的研究取得了成果，但仍有很多等待解决的问题。药物预防主要用于早期癫痫发作，但对TBI后晚期癫痫几乎没有预防效果。对于TBI后药物难治性癫痫，可以考虑进行癫痫灶切除或神经调控手术。

Research progress for posttraumatic epilepsy

Posttraumatic seizures and posttraumatic epilepsy are common consequences of traumatic brain injury. According to the time of seizure, it can be divided into posttraumatic seizures after TBI (≤7 d) and posttraumatic epilepsy after TBI (>7 d). Seizure and epilepsy not only lead to the increase of early complications and mortality, but also are the main cause of death years after TBI. Many studies on the mechanism of posttraumatic epilepsy have yielded results, but there are still many problems waiting to be solved. Prevention is mainly used for posttraumatic seizures, but has little effect on posttraumatic epilepsy. For drug-refractory posttraumatic epilepsy, epileptic foci resection or neuromodulation surgery could be considered as treatment options.