慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者抗阻运动的最佳证据总结

目的检索、评价和汇总COPD患者抗阻运动的最佳证据，为开展COPD抗阻运动的护理实践提供循证依据。方法 系统检索BMJ Best Practice、UpToDate、乔安娜布里格斯研究所（Joanna Briggs Institute,JBI）循证卫生保健中心数据库、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所网站、美国国立指南库、苏格兰学院间指南网、加拿大安大略注册护士协会网站、Cochrane Library、PubMed、医脉通、中国知网、万方数据库、中国生物医学数据库中与COPD患者抗阻运动相关的文献，包括指南、专家共识、证据总结、推荐实践、系统评价，检索时限为建库至2022年3月。由2名研究者独立对文献质量进行评价和资料提取。结果 共纳入15篇文献，包括指南8篇，专家共识3篇，推荐实践1篇，系统评价3篇，从运动禁忌证、运动目的、运动时机、运动方式、运动参数、运动安全、健康教育、效果评价8个方面汇总18条最佳证据。结论 该研究总结了COPD患者抗阻运动的最佳证据，建议护理人员在应用证据时，应结合临床情景和实践条件，充分考虑患者的身体情况和意愿制订个性化的抗阻运动方案。

Summary of best evidence of the resistance training in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective To retrieve,evaluate and summarize the best evidence of the resistance training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）,so as to provide the evidence for clinical practice of resistance training for patients with COPD. Methods We searched BMJ Best Practice,UpToDate,Joanna Briggs Institute Library,National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence（NICE）,National Guideline Clearinghouse（NGC）,Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network （SIGN）,Registered Nurses’ Association of Ontario （RNAO）,Cochrane Library,PubMed,Medlive,CNKI,Wanfang Database,and CBM to collect relevant guidelines,expert consensuses,evidence summaries,recommended practice and systematic reviews on resistance training for patients with COPD. The retrieval period was from the inception of databases to March 2022. There were 2 researchers who evaluated the quality of the literature independently and extracted the data. Results A total of 15 articles were incorporated,including 8 guidelines,3 expert consensuses,1 recommended practice and 3 systematic reviews. A total of 18 pieces of best evidence including 8 dimensions were summarized,namely contraindication,training purposes,timing of training,training methods,training parameters,safety,health education,and effectiveness evaluation. Conclusion This study summarized the best evidence for resistance training in patients with COPD. It is recommended that health care professionals should formulate the individualized resistance training program based on the clinical situation and practical conditions,and fully consider the patient’s physical condition and willingness when applying the evidence.