人巨细胞病毒IE抗原快速免疫荧光检测法在先天性人巨细胞病毒感染筛查中的应用

目的探讨人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)IE抗原快速免疫荧光检测法在先天性HCMV感染筛查中的应用价值。 方法收集2017年1至12月安徽省妇幼保健院产科352例新生儿唾液标本和足底干血片标本。使用病毒分离培养和HCMV IE抗原快速免疫荧光检测法检测新生儿唾液标本；使用荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测足底干血片标本HCMV-DNA。以病毒分离培养的结果作为标准，比较HCMV IE抗原快速免疫荧光检测法和足底干血片标本荧光定量PCR法在检测先天性HCMV感染中的检验效能。 结果352例唾液标本共分离5例阳性标本，阳性率为1.42%；而荧光定量PCR检测足底干血片标本仅4例阳性，阳性率为1.14%；HCMV IE抗原快速免疫荧光检测法检测的结果与病毒分离完全一致。足底干血片荧光定量PCR检测的敏感度为80%，特异度为100%；HCMV IE抗原快速免疫荧光检测的敏感度为100%，特异度为100%。HCMV IE抗原快速免疫荧光检测的敏感度高于足底干血片荧光定量PCR检测，但差异无统计学意义(Z＝0.94，P＝0.350)。 结论HCMV IE抗原快速免疫荧光检测可能是更准确的先天性HCMV感染早期诊断方法。

Application of rapid immunofluorescence detection of IE antigen of human cytomegalovirus in screening congenital human cytomegalovirus infection

ObjectiveTo explore the value of rapid immunofluorescence assay for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) IE antigen in screening congenital HCMV infection. MethodsFrom January to December 2017, saliva specimens and plantar dried blood smears from 352 newborns were collected from obstetrics department of Anhui Women and Children′s Health Care Hospital. Virus isolation and rapid immunofluorescence assay of HCMV IE antigen were used to detect saliva samples from newborns. HCMV-DNA was detected by real-time PCR in plantar dried blood smears. The authenticity of rapid immunofluorescence assay of HCMV IE antigen and real-time PCR for detection of congenital HCMV infection were compared. ResultsThe results of virus isolation showed that 5 positive samples were isolated from 352 salivary specimens, the positive rate was 1.42%. Only 4 cases were positive detected by real-time PCR, and the positive rate was 1.14%. The results of rapid immunofluorescence assay of HCMV IE antigen were identical with those of virus isolation. The sensitivity and specificity of real-time PCR were 80% and 100%. The sensitivity and specificity of rapid immunofluorescence assay of HCMV IE antigen were 100% respectively. The sensitivity of rapid immunofluorescence assay of HCMV IE antigen was higher than that of real-time PCR assay, but there was no significant difference (Z=0.94, P=0.350). ConclusionRapid immunofluorescence assay of HCMV IE antigen may be a more accurate method for early diagnosis of congenital HCMV infection.