改良外周血染色体培养效果的评价

目的探讨一种改良的外周血染色体培养方法的可行性。方法将40例外周血细胞染色体同时用改良方法（改良组）和传统方法（对照组）培养进行比较。改良组将肝素抗凝血低速离心，无菌操作直接吸取上层的血浆和白细胞混匀，加入淋巴细胞培养液进行培养；常规组将肝素抗凝血直接加入淋巴细胞培养液混匀。将上述两种细胞混悬液分别置37℃体外培养68~72h收获染色体，G显带，评价2组染色体培养成功率、分裂象数量、图像质量与染色体长度，对结果进行统计学分析。结果改良组≥ 400条带者（49.5%）高于对照组（32.5%）（P < 0.01）；改良组带型的合格率与最佳率均高于对照组（P < 0.05和P < 0.01）；改良后的外周血染色体分散度更好，分裂相更多，长度更长，带型更加清晰。结论改良组因去除红细胞对染色体培养的影响，染色体染色效果及显带质量均明显提升。

Evaluation of the improved chromosome culture in peripheral blood

ObjectiveTo explore the feasibility of an improved chromosome culture method in peripheral blood.MethodsThe cell chromosomes in 40 peripheral blood specimens were cultured using the modified method(modified group) and traditional method(control group) at the same time.In the modified group, the heparin anticoagulant blood was centrifuged at low speed, and the upper layer of plasma and leukocytes were directly sucked up by aseptic operation, and then cultured in lymphocyte culture medium.In the control group, the heparin anticoagulant blood was directly cultured using lymphocyte culture medium.The cell suspensions of two groups were cultured in vitro at 37℃ for 68 to 72 h, the chromosomes were harvested, and G banding was displayed.The success rate of chromosome culture, number of mitotic figure, figure quality and chromosome length in two groups were evaluated, and the results of which were statistically analyzed.ResultsThe rate of ≥ 400 bands in modified group(49.5%) was higher than that in control group(32.5%) (P < 0.01).The qualified rate and best rate of belt type in modified group were higher than those in control group(P < 0.05 and P < 0.01).The better dispersion, more splitting phase, longer length and clearer band pattern of peripheral blood chromosomes in modified group were identified.ConclusionsBecause of removing the effects of red blood cells on chromosome culture, the chromosome staining and banding quality are obviously improved.