Prostate Specific Antigen,Mean Platelet Volume,and Platelet Distribution Width in Combination to Discriminate Prostate Cancer from Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) represents the second most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the sixthleading cause for cancer related death among men worldwide. Although use of the prostate specific antigen (PSA) asa diagnostic marker has improved the detection and management of PCa, low specificity and sensitivity has limited itsclinical efficacy. Moreover, elevated PSA is frequently observed in benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Mean plateletvolume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) are commonly used indicators of platelet activation. The purposeof current study was to investigate the ability of PSA, MPV, and PDW individually or in combination, to differentiatePCa from BPH. Materials and Methods: This study included 100 patients with PCa and 108 patients with BPH. Wecollected all participants’ clinical and laboratory characteristics. The benefit of adding MPV and PDW to a modelwith only PSA was evaluated as an increased in the area under the curve (AUC) obtained by receiver operating curve(ROC). Results: PCa patients had reduced MPV and elevated PSA and PDW levels compared to BPH patients. Singlebiomarkers had AUC values ranging from 0.683 for PDW to 0.865 for PSA. Moreover, the combination of PSA, MPV,and PDW increased the AUC to 0.935 (0.892-0.964) (p<0.0001), significantly higher than those of any single marker.Conclusions: The combined use of PSA, MPV, and PDW may be clinically useful in distinguishing between PCa andBPH.