老年衰弱综合征与肌少症的相关性

目的探讨老年衰弱综合征与肌少症的关系。 方法选取2017年9月至2018年3月在新疆维吾尔自治区人民院体检资料完整的134例老年人，根据有无衰弱及衰弱程度分为无衰弱组（29例）、衰弱前期组（87例）、衰弱组（18例）。衰弱综合征采用美国Fried五项标准判断，肌少症根据肌力（握力测定）、肌功能（日常步行速度测定）、起立-行走测试、5次起坐测试以及平衡试验进行评估。多组间计量资料的比较采用方差分析，计数资料的比较采用秩和检验，衰弱程度与肌肉指标的相关性采用Pearson相关分析。 结果3组老年人年龄、体重减轻、生活活动能力下降、平衡和步态、跌倒风险、营养不良、精神心理、多重用药、睡眠障碍、听力下降、缺牙数目、尿失禁、压疮以及衰弱评分的差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.01），但无衰弱组和衰弱前期组老年人营养不良、压疮、跌倒风险及缺牙数目的差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。3组老年人握力、步速、四肢骨骼肌质量、5次起坐测试验、平衡试验以及起立行走试验的差异有统计学意义（F=3 101.631、66.308、598.000，χ²=14.808、19.972、25.343；均P<0.01）。相关性分析结果显示，衰弱程度得分与握力、步速及四肢骨骼肌质量评分均呈负相关（r=-0.152、-0.500、-0.358，P<0.05或0.01）。 结论肌少症是衰弱发生的重要原因，肌肉相关指标的变化可能是衰弱综合征发展的重要指征。

Relationship between asthenia syndrome and sarcopenia in the elderly

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between sarcopenia and asthenia syndrome in the elderly. Methods134 elderly people, who had complete physical examination information admitted in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital from September 2017 to March 2018 were selected. Clinical data were collected for evaluation. Asthenia syndrome was estimated by American Fried 5 criterions, sarcopenia was estimated by myodynamia (grip strength measurement), muscle function (daily walking speed measurement), standing walk measurement, 5 sit up tests and balance test. Analysis of variance was used to compare measurement data between groups. The count data was compared using Kruskal-Wallis test. The correlation between degree of asthenia and muscle indicators was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. ResultsThe differences of age, weight loss, decline in living activity, balance and gait, the risk of falling, malnutrition, mental psychology, multiple medication, sleep disorder, hearing loss, number of teeth missing, urinary incontinence, pressure sore and asthenia score among 3 groups were statistically significant (all P < 0.01). There were no statistical significance differences in malnutrition, pressure sore, the risk of falling and number of teeth missing between no asthenia group and early asthenia group (all P > 0.05). The differences of grip, step speed, skeletal muscle quality of all fours,5 sit up tests , balance test and standing walk measurement among 3 groups were statistically significant (F=3 101.631, 66.308, 598.000, χ²=14.808, 19.972, 25.343, all P < 0.01). Correlation analysis results showed that the score of degree of asthenia and grip, step speed and score of skeletal muscle quality of all fours were all negatively correlated (r=-0.152, -0.500, -0.358, P < 0.05 or 0.01). ConclusionSarcopenia is the main cause of asthenia syndrome. The change of muscle related indexes may be an important indication in the development of asthenia syndrome.