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Coronary Artery Calcification
Affiliation:1. Department of cardiology, université Paris-Descartes, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, Assistance publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP–HP), 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France;2. Inserm U-970, 75015 Paris, France;1. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;2. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;3. Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;4. Department of Community and Environmental Health, College of Health Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA;5. Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea;7. Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA;11. Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA;12. Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;1. Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA;2. Division of Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA;3. School of Social Work, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA;4. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Berlington, VT, USA;1. Department of Health Services Management and Policy, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, S. Dossett Drive, Lamb Hall, P.O. Box 70264, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA;2. Division of Cardiology, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, 1123 Waterbrooke Lane, Johnson City, TN 37604, USA;3. Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA;4. Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, 1124 W Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA;1. Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta’, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
Abstract:Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is an established marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and an independent predictor of future coronary heart disease in the asymptomatic primary prevention population, particularly in the intermediate risk cohort. CAC also helps in reclassifying those patients and their risk of cardiovascular events into higher or lower risk categories. MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) is a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute–sponsored population-based medical research study involving 6,814 men and women from 6 U.S. communities without a medical history of clinical cardiovascular disease. The evidence from this population cohort revealed that CAC scoring was independently predictive and highly effective at risk stratification of major adverse cardiac events. This review provides available data based on MESA. We focus on the utility of CAC for cardiovascular disease risk stratification of individuals, and we describe its diagnostic value in identifying patients at risk.
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