低位直肠癌切除术后影响功能因素分析及对策

直肠癌是常见的消化道恶性肿瘤，在我国多数是位于腹膜返折以下的低位直肠癌。近年来，随着直肠癌理论研究的深入和手术技术的提高，低位直肠癌保肛手术率在逐年上升。目前临床上常用的保肛术式有低位前切除术（LAR）、经括约肌间切除术（ISR）等，但保肛术后出现的各种肛门功能问题一直困扰着患者和医生。笔者通过回顾文献并结合自身经验就低位直肠癌保肛术后影响肛门功能的因素及处理对策进行探讨。

The analysis of factors on anal function and its countermeasure after sphincter-preserving surgery in low rectal cancer

Rectal cancer is a common intestinal malignant tumor in China and most of them are low rectal cancer which located under the peritoneal reflection. For the past few years, the rate of sphincter-saving is increased significantly due to the development of theory and surgical skill. At present, the low anterior resection and the intersphincter resection are widely used as the sphincter-preserving surgery. However, a variety of problems in anal function perplex patients and surgeons. In this article, we will investigate the factors on anal function and its countermeasure after sphincter-preserving surgery based on literature review and our experience.