天津市社区老年人身体活动能力与认知功能关联的横断面研究

目的：探讨社区老年人身体活动能力与认知功能的关联，为认知功能改善提供建议。方法：采用整群抽样的方法选取社区老年人，记录受试者的人口学资料，使用韦氏成人智力量表—中国修订版评估认知功能，得出总智商（FIQ）。采用闭眼单腿站立测试、步速测试、5次起坐试验、握力测试评估身体活动能力。采用SPSS23.0进行t检验、单因素方差分析、简单直线回归和多重线性回归分析。结果：本研究共纳入868名老年人，年龄（76.73±9.43）岁。男性297人，占34.22%，女性571人，占65.78%。受教育程度：大学本科339名，占39.06%；中学414名，占47.70%；小学及以下115名，占13.25%。多因素分析结果显示：在校正了混杂因素后，闭眼单腿站立时间（β=0.053,P=0.025）、低握力（β=-2.157,P=0.044）与FIQ的关联有统计学意义，闭眼单腿站立时间与FIQ呈正向关联，低握力与FIQ呈负向关联。结论：老年人身体活动能力与认知功能有关，坚持平衡和握力的练习可能对改善认知功能有重要作用。

A cross-sectional study on the association between physical activity function and cognitive function of the community-based elderly in Tianjin

Objective: To explore the relationship between physical activity function and cognitive function of the elderly in the community，and provide suggestions for the improvement of cognitive function. Methods:Cluster sampling method was used to select community-based elders，and subject demographics were recorded. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Chinese revised was used to evaluate cognitive function，and full intelligence quotient（FIQ） was obtained. Physical activity function was evaluated by One-leg standing test with eyes closed，step speed test，5-time sit-to-stand test and grip test. SPSS23.0 was used to analyze the data by t-test，one-way analysis of variance，simple linear regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Results:A total of 868 elderly，aged 76.73±9.43 years，were included in this study. There were 297 males，accounting for 34.22%，and 571 females，accounting for 65.78%.Education level:339 undergraduate students，accounting for 39.06%，had bachelor degree or above；414 senior high school students，accounting for 47.70%；115 students from primary schools and below，accounting for 13.25%. The results of multivariate analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors，the time of standing on one leg with eyes closed（β=0.053，P=0.025），low grip strength（β=-2.157，P=0.044） were significantly associated with FIQ，standing time on one leg with eyes closed was positively associated with FIQ，and low grip strength was negatively associated with FIQ. Conclusion:The physical activity ability of the elderly is related to cognitive function，and the practice of keeping balance and grip strength may play an important role in improving cognitive function.