金属支架联合腔道内抗肿瘤技术治疗恶性胆道梗阻的研究现状及进展

恶性胆道梗阻是由恶性肿瘤直接或间接引起的胆道梗阻性疾病，其主要临床表现为高胆红素血症、胆管扩张。超过50%的患者确诊时已处于晚期，已经失去了行根治性手术的机会。经皮肝穿胆道支架成形术可缓解胆道梗阻，是行之有效的姑息性疗法。目前对于恶性胆道梗阻的治疗，诸如药物洗脱支架、腔道内近距离放疗、腔道内消融、光动力治疗等腔道内抗肿瘤技术联合胆道支架植入术已在临床应用。现结合国内外最新文献，就恶性胆道梗阻的金属支架相关治疗现状及进展进行综述。

Current status and research progress of metal stent combined with intraluminal antineoplastic technique in treatment of malignant biliary obstruction

Malignant biliary obstruction is a biliary obstructive disease caused directly or indirectly by malignant tumors. Its main clinical manifestations are hyperbilirubinemia and bile duct dilatation. More than 50% of patients are in advanced stage of treatment and have lost the opportunity for radical surgery. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary stenting can relieve biliary obstruction and is an effective palliative treatment. At present, biliary metal stent implantation combined with endoluminal anti-tumor techniques, such as drug-eluting stent, intra-luminal brachytherapy, intracavitary ablation and photodynamic therapy, are emerging in clinical applications for the treatment of malignant biliary obstruction. Now according to the latest literatures at home and abroad, the current progress of interventional treatment of biliary metal stents for malignant biliary obstruction are summarized.