关于活体器官供者的伦理思考

背景:活体器官伦理问题逐渐成为人们视野中的焦点和难点。目的:对活体器官供体伦理问题进一步研究。方法:应用计算机检索CNKI和VMIS数据库中2001-01/2011-05关于器官移植的文章,在标题和摘要中以"活体、供体"和"器官移植、伦理"为检索词进行检索。纳入与活体供体关联度高、本领域内的文献,主要选择权威杂志、核心期刊或者近期发表的文章。排除与此文目的无关的、内容和观点陈旧的及重复研究的文献。入选18篇文献和4本医学伦理学书籍进行综述。结果与结论:为了生命的健康续存,必须完善器官移植和捐献的法律法规,规范供体来源渠道,避免由于科技利益和经济利益的驱使任由活体供体买卖现象的存在空间,研究器官移植活体供体伦理问题,可促使人们提高活体供体捐赠积极性和主动性,解决器官移植供体短缺状况。

Ethical considerations of living organ donors

BACKGROUND:Ethical issues in living organs have gradually become the focus and difficult point in research.OBJECTIVE:To further study the ethical issues of living organ donors.METHODS:A computer-based online search in CNKI database and VMIS database from January 2001 to March 2011 was performed for articles on organ transplantation,with Key words of "living donor" and "organ transplantation,ethics" by screening titles and abstracts.The documents closely related to living donor in the same field,and published in authoritative journals or recently were preferred.Unrelated,antiquated and repetitive studies were excluded.Totally 18 literatures and four medical ethics books were chosen to summarize.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Laws and regulations in organ transplantation and donation should be improved,and donor sources should be standardized in order to prevent sale of living donor driven by scientific and technological benefits and economic benefits to achieve healthy survivor.Study the ethical issues in living donors can improve the enthusiasm and initiative of living donors and solve the shortage of organ donors.