Systematically applied chemicals that damage lung tissue |
| |
Authors: | J P Kehrer S Kacew |
| |
Affiliation: | 1. Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1074 U.S.A.;2. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H8M5 Canada |
| |
Abstract: | A large, and increasing number of drugs and chemicals have been found which are toxic to lung following systemic administration. These agents damage lung tissue specifically, or in addition to damage to other tissues. Mechanisms explaining the pulmonary damage produced by some lung toxins have been uncovered. These include concentration of the agent within lung, the absence of adequate pulmonary detoxication systems, and bioactivation to a toxic species within specific lung cells or at distant sites followed by transport to the lung. The basic biochemical lesions underlying lung damage, responses of individual lung cells and pulmonary repair processes to the toxic agent, and species and age differences in susceptibility to lung damage have not, however, been well defined for most lung toxins. This review describes the information available on pulmonary biochemical and pathological changes associated with some of these lung-toxic agents. In addition, mechanisms proposed to explain the lung damage are discussed. The agents covered include: paraquat, the thioureas, butylated hydroxytoluene, the trialkylphosphorothioates, various lung-toxic furans and antineoplastic agents, the pyrrolizidine alkaloids, metals and organometallic compounds, amphiphilic agents, hydrocarbons, oleic acid, 3-methylindole, and diabetogenic agents. Detailed reviews on the overall toxicity of many of these agents have been published elsewhere. This review concentrates on their pulmonary toxicity. Information is presented as an overview to illustrate both the extensive literature that is available and the important questions that remain to be answered about systemic chemicals that damage lung tissue. |
| |
Keywords: | Lung Pulmonary Toxicology ANTU α-naphthylthiourea BHT butylated hydroxytoluene GSH reduced glutathione MMT methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl OOS OSS PA pyrrolizidine alkaloids PC phosphatidylcholine PE phosphatidylethanolamine PG phosphatidyl-glycerol PI phosphatidylinositol PS phosphatidylserine RDS respiratory distress syndrome S sphingomyelin TPL total phospholipids |
本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录! |
|