大鼠营养干预性骨质疏松症模型的研究

为了用营养干预的方法制作骨质疏松动物模型，并通过生化、骨密度测定以及病理学检查等鉴定骨质疏松模型，将3周龄Wistar大鼠按体重随机分为5组，每组8只，饲料配方参照AOAC方法。第1组为对照组（蛋白质18％，钙1.0%）；第2组为低蛋白低钙组（蛋白质8％，钙0.025%）；第3组为低蛋白中钙组（蛋白质8％，钙1．0％）；第4组为高蛋白低钙组（蛋白质27．0％，钙0．025％）；第五组为高蛋白中钙组（蛋白质27％，钙1．0％），其余全价饲料均一致。动物饲养20周，记录其体重变化情况，实验结束，进行大鼠全身骨密度测定，SPECT骨显像，血清Ca、P、Mg、AKP、BGP、E2测定，尿HOP、Ca测定，股骨骨密度、长度、体积、湿重、去脂干重、灰重和骨钙含量测定。胫骨及第三腰椎的病理学检查。测定结果表明，低蛋白低钙，高蛋白低钙的两组动物的各项检测结果均和对照组差异有显著性，符合骨质疏松的表现，证实营养干预成功地制备了骨质疏松动物模型。本文结果也证实，骨质疏检是以骨量减少为特征，骨组织显微结构改变和骨折危险频度增加的疾病。虽然在低钙状态下，无论进食高蛋白还是低蛋白，都可建立骨质疏松动物模型，但高蛋白饲料组的生长状况接近于对照组动物，故制作骨质疏松模型时以高蛋白饲料为宜。

Study of Osteoporotic Model in Rats with Nutrional Intervention

To examine whether rat osteoportic model was established quickly by high protein and low calcium diets, Forty female Wistar rats (3 weeks old) were randomly divided into 5 Groups and fed with diets formulated according to AOAC for twenty weeks. The contents of protein and calcium in 5 Groups were 18% ,1% ; 8%, 0.025% ; 8%,1%; 27%,0.025% ; and 27%,1% respectively. The results showed that the content of bone calcium in Group 2 and Group 4 was obviously decreased compared with that of Group 1 ( P <0.001), the BMD and hending stress resistance of femur was also decreased ( P <0.01), and the trabecular area of lumbar and tibia was increased. In compared with Group 1, The body weight gain of Group 2 was obviously decreased ( P <0.001) and estradion in serum was decreased ( P <0.05). The results suggested that the Rat osteoportic model established by high protein and low calcium diets for twenty weeks was successful.