Use of oral contraceptives,intrauterine devices and tubal sterilization and cancer risk in a large prospective study,from 1996 to 2006 |
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Authors: | Tsogzolmaa Dorjgochoo Xiao‐Ou Shu Hong‐Lan Li Han‐Zhu Qian Gong Yang Hui Cai Yu‐Tang Gao Wei Zheng |
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Institution: | 1. Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN;2. Vanderbilt‐Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN;3. Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China |
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Abstract: | The association of contraceptive methods, including oral contraceptives (OC), intrauterine devices (IUD) and tubal sterilization (TS), with overall and site‐specific cancer were prospectively investigated in a cohort of 66,661 Chinese women in Shanghai, 76.7% of whom used contraception. During a median follow‐up time of 7.5 years, 2,250 women were diagnosed with cancer. Ever‐use of any contraceptive method was not associated with overall cancer risk adjusted hazard ratio (HRadj) = 1.02, 95% CI, 0.92–1.12]. Use of any contraceptive method was associated with increased risk of rectal cancer (HRadj = 1.68, 95% CI, 1.08–2.62) and reduced risk of thyroid cancer (HRadj = 0.63, 95% CI, 0.38–1.04). Risk of gallbladder cancer increased with ever use of OC (HRadj = 2.38, 95% CI, 1.26–4.49). IUD use was associated with a possible reduced risk of thyroid cancer (HRadj = 0.64, 95% CI, 0.38–1.07). Longer duration of IUD use decreased risk for breast, thyroid and lung cancers. Ever having a TS was associated with increased uterine body cancer (HRadj = 2.50, 95% CI, 1.47–4.25) and decreased risk of stomach cancer (HRadj = 0.59, 95% CI, 0.39–0.91). We did not find any contraceptive method to be related to the risk of ovarian cancer but the analyses were based on few events. Although chance findings are a likely explanation for some of the associations found in our study, these findings suggest that various contraceptive methods or reproductive patterns may play a role in the etiology of cancer. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
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Keywords: | intrauterine device neoplasms oral contraceptives tubal sterilization China |
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