D-半乳糖诱导小鼠多囊卵巢综合征的动物模型研究

目的 研究D-半乳糖诱导ICR中年雌性小鼠多囊卵巢综合症（PCOS）动物模型的卵巢形态学、性激素以及胰岛素水平变化，并探讨D-半乳糖引致小鼠PCOS的意义。方法 以D-半乳糖腹腔注射20周龄ICR雌性小鼠8周，观察卵巢形态的变化，检测血糖值及动情周期排卵情况，并采用ELISA法测定血清胰岛素、雌二醇（E2）、促卵泡生长激素（FSH）、睾酮（T）水平。结果 D-半乳糖处理组小鼠的卵巢重量显著高于对照组 (P < 0.05)，有80%( 10/12) 的单侧或双侧卵巢呈现多囊性扩张，卵巢闭锁增多及颗粒细胞层数减少，并表现为紊乱的动情周期，提示无排卵；与对照组比较，D-半乳糖组小鼠血清T、E2 和空腹血糖水平明显升高（P<0.001），FSH水平下降（P< 0.0001），空腹血胰岛素水平显著高于对照组 (P < 0.01)，胰岛素敏感指数显著低于对照组 (P < 0.05)。结论 使用D-半乳糖诱导小鼠PCOS模型，无论在影响血清性激素还是卵巢局部形态学改变方面都与临床表现相似，并存在胰岛素抵抗现象，符合PCOS的典型特征，可作为动物模型用于科学研究。

The study of mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome induced by D-galactose

Objective To investigate the morphological changes in the ovaries and the serum levels of several related hormones, insulin and glucose in the polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS) mouse model induced by D-galactose, and to discuss the significance. Methods 20-week-old female ICR mice were injected daily (i. p) with D-galactose for up to 8 weeks. ELISA was used to measure the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estrogen (E2), testosterone (T) and insulin (INS). HE staining was used to examine the morphological changes of the ovaries. The stages of the estrous cycle were verified by vaginal cytology. Results The ovaries of the D-galactose-treated mice showed almost polycystic changes with ovary cysts and atretic follicles. Abnormal estrous cycles were induced in D-galactose-treated mice. Comparing with the normal group, the serum estrogen (E2) and testosterone (T) were increased and the serum FSH was reduced in D-galactose group, with a statistically significant difference (P <0.001 or P<0.0001). The level of serum insulin was significantly higher in the D-galactose-treated mice than in the normal group (P < 0.01). In comparison with the normal group, the value of 1/ (INS×G) was significantly decreased in the D-galactose-treated mice (P < 0.05). Conclusions The level of serum sex hormones and the ovarian morphology of the D-galactose-treated mice were similar to those of the patients with PCOS, and insulin resistance was observed. Our results indicate that the D-galactose-treated mouse model may be a useful animal model for the future experimental research of polycystic ovary syndrome.