阿霉素肾病小鼠的肾脏病理转变过程

目的 观察不同时间点阿霉素肾病小鼠肾脏病理的转变过程。方法 48只健康雄性BALB/c小鼠，随机分成对照组和模型组，模型组经尾静脉一次性注射阿霉素10.5mg/kg，对照组给予等量的生理盐水。动态观察实验12周内小鼠24 h尿蛋白、血清生化指标、肾脏病理改变。结果 模型小鼠蛋白尿于实验第2周出现，持续至第12周，第8周出现高峰（ 均P<0.05）；低蛋白血症、高脂血症分别于实验第4、8周出现，血肌酐于实验第12周明显高于正常组（均 P<0.05）。模型小鼠肾脏病理改变第4周表现为微小病变型；第8周病变较第4周加重，硬化不明显；第12周出现肾小球局灶节段性硬化、肾小球硬化指数（GSI）为（2.81±0.84）%，明显高于同一观测时间点对照组GSI（0.33±0.21）%（P＜0.01）。结论 一次性尾静脉注射10.5mg/kg阿霉素，能成功复制阿霉素肾病小鼠模型，该模型在早期表现为微小病变型肾病，晚期转变为局灶性节段性肾小球硬化。

Pathological changes of the kidneys in mouse models of adriamycin-induced-nephrosis

Objective Our purpose was to observe the renal pathological changes in the mouse modells of adriamycin-induced nephropathy in different periods. Method 48 healthy male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group and model group.The model group received a disposable tail vein injection of adriamycin 10.5 mg/kg body weight, and the control group received the same amount of saline. 24-hour urinary protein, serum biochemical indexes and kidney pathological changes were dynamically observed for 12 weeks. Results Proteinuria of model mice appeared in the 2th week after ADR injection, which lasted to the end of the 12-week experiment, At the 8th week, the amount of urine protein reached a peak (P<0.05); The serum albumin was decreased at the 4th week, cholesterol was increased at 8th week. At the end of experiment, serum creatinine was also increased (P<0.05). Minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) was observed in model mice at the 4th week; the lesions in renal tissues at 8th weeks were more serious than that at 4th weeks, but glomerular sclerosis was unconspicuous.Focal segmental glomerulonephritis (FSGS) was seen at the 12th week. The GSI of the model mice was(2.81±0.84)%, significantly higher than that of the control mice ((0.33±0.21)% ) at 12th week(P<0.01). Conclusions A mouse model with adriamycin-induced-nephrosis can be successfully established by a disposable tail vein injection of adriamycin in a dose of 10.5 mg/kg body weight. The early manifest ation of this model is MCNS, and at a late stage, it may be changed into FSGS.