II型糖尿病并发结核病小鼠模型的建立及评价

目的 建立II型糖尿病并发结核病小鼠模型，对其肺组织病变过程进行评价。方法 高脂高糖饲料喂养C57BL/6J小鼠，腹腔注射STZ，建立II型糖尿病小鼠模型。采用滴鼻的方式将结核分枝杆菌H37Rv接种至糖尿病小鼠体内，建立糖尿病并发结核病小鼠模型。分别于感染后的1-8周、10周及12周解剖小鼠，肉眼观察小鼠肺脏病变情况，活菌菌落计数，肺组织行HE及抗酸染色，镜下观察病理学改变。结果 肉眼观察发现，随着感染时间的增长肺部感染情况逐渐加重，至第8周时病灶达到全肺的80%，第10周时病变范围开始缩小；感染8周后HE染色肺组织出现典型的肉芽肿结构，至第10周部分病变肺组织出现修复现象；抗酸染色可见结核分枝杆菌。结论 从大体病变、菌落计数及病理改变等方面对小鼠模型进行评价，发现糖尿病并发结核病小鼠模型较单一的结核病小鼠模型具有发病早，病程进展快等特点，与临床患者表现类似，因此实验构建的糖尿病并发结核病小鼠模型基本成功。

Establishment and evaluation of a mouse model of type II diabetes mellitus complicated by tuberculosis

Objective To establish a mouse model of type II diabetes mellitus complicated by tuberculosis and make a evaluation to the process of lesions in lung tissue. Methods Feed the mice with high-fat and high-sugar, inject intraperitoneally STZ to C57BL/6J mice, create the type II diabetes mellitus mouse model. Then, infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv by nasal drip, to establish a mouse model of type II diabetes mellitus complicated by tuberculosis. Dissect the mice separately at 1-8th, 10th and 12th week after infection, make visual observation to the lesions of lung, colony counting and pathological examination, HE and acid-fast staining. Results The visual observation results showed that the lung infection has deteriorated as the infection time increased. The focus of the infection reached to 80% of the whole lung at the 8th week, and the scope of lesions began to shrink at the 10th week. The typical granulomatous consolidation appeared in lung tissue after 8 weeks of the infection, and till the 10th week, the part of the lesions of lung tissue began to repair. The mycobacterium tuberculosis in the lungs were revealed by acid-fast stain. Conclusions Compare with the tuberculosis mouse model in gross inspection, colony counting, pathological changes, the type II diabetes mellitus complicated by tuberculosis mouse model is characterized with early onset , fast disease progression, and similar to the patients with clinical performance. Therefore, the experiment proves that the establishment of the type II diabetes mellitus complicated by tuberculosis mouse model is successful.