21种不同产地中药淡豆豉中5种活性成分的对比

目的:对不同产地市售淡豆豉中总异黄酮、大豆皂苷、多糖、总蛋白、纤溶酶的含量进行测定,并进行聚类分析,为淡豆豉的工艺研究和质量评价应用提供科学依据。方法:采用紫外分光光度法,以染料木素为对照品,测定总异黄酮的含量,测定波长为260 nm,染料木素在0.996 4~14.946 mg·L-1呈良好线性关系;采用香草醛-高氯酸比色法,以齐墩果酸为对照品,测定大豆皂苷的含量,测定波长520 nm,齐墩果酸在2.2~11 mg·L-1呈良好线性关系;采用苯酚-硫酸比色法,以葡糖糖为对照品,测定多糖的含量,测定波长490 nm,葡糖糖在0.002 5~0.02 g·L-1呈良好线性关系;采用考马斯亮蓝法测定总蛋白的含量,测定波长595 nm;采用纤维蛋白平板法测定豆豉纤溶酶活力,以尿激酶为对照品,尿激酶在100~10 000 U·mL-1呈良好线性关系。使用SPSS 16.0以淡豆豉中5种有效成分的含量为参数组合对市售淡豆豉进行聚类分析。结果:各地市售淡豆豉主要活性成分含量有明显差异,这21种淡豆豉中总异黄酮的质量分数最低为0.518 mg·g-1,最高为4.511 mg·g-1;大豆皂苷的质量分数最低为0.873 mg·g-1,最高为8.623 mg·g-1;多糖的质量分数最低为0.28%,最高为1.81%;总蛋白的质量分数最低为4.675%,最高为36.133%;7号样品中淡豆豉无纤溶酶活性,其他有活性的产品,纤溶酶活性最低为15.49 U·g-1,活性最高为1 752.08 U·g-1。聚类分析的树状图结果与地理位置有明显的对应关系。结论:21批不同产地淡豆豉中活性成分存在明显差异。

Analysis of Five Active Ingredients in 21 Semen Sojae Praeparatum of Traditional Chinese Medicine form Different Regions

Objective: The study aimed to determine the contents of the total isoflavones, soy saponins, polysaccharide, protein, and fibrinolytic enzyme of Semen Sojae Praeparatum (SSP)from different regions. And clustering analysis was performed, to provide scientific basis for the study and evaluation of the SSP quality. Method: Genistein was used as a reference to determine the content of total isoflavones using UV spectrophotometry, with measurement wavelength at 260 nm, which showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.996 4-14.946 mg·L^-1. By using vanillin-perchloric acid colorimetric France, oleanolic acid was used as reference to determine the content of soybean saponin with measurement wavelength at 520 nm, and oleanolic acid showed a good linear relationship in the range of 2.2-11 mg·L^-1. By using Phenol-sulfuric acid method glucose was used as reference to determine the content of polysaccharides with measurement wavelength at 490 nm, and glucose showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.002 5-0.02 g·L^-1. Determination of content of total protein was performed through Coomassie brilliant blue method with the detection wavelength at 595 nm. The fibrinolytic activity was determined by fibrin plate method, using urokinase as control, which showed a good linear relationship in the range of 100-10 000 U·mL^-1. The cluster analysis of five active ingredients in SSP was performed by using SPSS16.0. Result: There was significant difference in the contents of main active components in commercially available SSP from different areas, with the lowest isoflavones content of 0.518 mg·g^-1, and the highest of 4.511 mg·g^-1; the lowest soybean saponin content was 0.873 mg·g^-1, while the highest was 8.623 mg·g^-1; the lowest polysaccharide content was 0.28% and the highest was 1.81%; the lowest content of total protein was 4.675%, while the highest was 36.133%. Seven SSP had no plasmin activity, however, among the other SSP with active products, the minimum of plasmin activity was 15.49 U·g^-1, and the highest activity was 1 752.08 U·g^-1. Cluster analysis showed good correspondence with locations. Conclusion: There are significant differences in the composition of active compounds in SSP from 21 different origins.