我国中药材新品种保护与DUS测试指南研制现状

我国植物新品种保护工作起步较晚,特别是中药材植物新品种保护相对较弱,特异性、一致性、稳定性(DUS)测试指南的研制相对落后。中华人民共和国农业农村部颁布的191个种(属)植物保护名录中直接涉及中药材的仅有20个种(属)。目前,中药材植物新品种保护申请量为125件,授权16件。通过概述我国中药材新品种选育进展、统计中药材植物新品种权申请和授权情况,论述我国中药材新品种保护及DUS测试指南研制现状;结合农业和林业作物新品种保护现状,分析我国中药材植物新品种保护存在数量稀少、中药材植物DUS测试指南研制质量不高等问题的原因。建议我国中药材育种专家提高知识产权保护意识,进而对我国中药材植物DUS测试指南研制方向进行展望。

Status Quo of the Protection of and Development of DUS Testing Guideline for New Medicinal Plant Varieties in China

The protection of new plant varieties and the establishment of relevant protection system started late in China. New medicinal plant varieties face inadequate protection with unsound DUS testing guideline. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China have put 191 plant species (genera) on the protection list, of which only 20 are medicinal species (genera). Of the 125 new medicinal plant varieties applied for protection, 16 are authorized. Based on the review of medicinal plant breeding and application and authorization of new medicinal plant varieties, this paper discussed the protection of new medicinal plant varieties and the development of related DUS testing guideline in China. Combined with the protection of new crop varieties in agriculture and new plant varieties in forestry, this paper analyzed the problems in the protection of new medicinal plant varieties in China, such as the small number and unsound DUS testing guideline, aiming at improving the intellectual property protection of medicinal plants and the development of DUS testing guideline for medicinal plants.