基于同一中心257例青少年特发性脊柱侧弯术后病人父母的家庭护理认知调查及常见问题分析

[目的]调查青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,AIS)术后病人父母的家庭护理认知情况及常见问题。[方法]对257例接受手术治疗AIS病人的父母进行问卷调查,了解其对AIS病人术后家庭护理知识的认知情况以及护理过程中常见问题,并分析其发生的影响因素。[结果]95例病人父母在出院前家庭护理知识未达标,这些病人多为非独生子女、居住于农村、家庭收入及父母受教育程度均较低(P均<0.05)。257例病人父母家庭护理认知平均分为(23.8±5.6)分,其中在功能锻炼方面得分较低。术后家庭护理知识未达标组病人父母在功能锻炼、生活护理及切口护理评分上均低于达标组(P均<0.05)。AIS病人父母在术后家庭护理过程中常见的问题为术后相关问题。相比于达标组,未达标组病人父母在失眠、担心照顾病人方式不当、病人恢复不佳以及病人无法独自处理问题方面的发生率较高,差异具有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。[结论]术后病人父母的家庭护理认知受多方面因素影响,护理知识宣教在提高病人父母家庭护理认知程度中起重要作用,应加强术后功能锻炼方面的知识宣教。

Investigation on the condition of family nursing knowledge and common problems:a single center study based on 257 parents of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Objective:To investigate the condition of family nursing knowledge and common problems in parents of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS)patients.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among 257 parents of patients undergoing surgical treatment for AIS to understand their cognition of postoperative family nursing knowledge of AIS patients and the common problems in the nursing process,and the influencing factors were analyzed.Results:A total of 95 patients whose parents′family nursing knowledge did not reach the standard before discharge.Most of these patients are non-only children and lived in rural areas,their family income and parents′educational level were lower(P<0.05).The average score of family nursing cognition of 257 patients was(23.8±5.6),among which the score of functional exercise was lower.The scores of functional exercise,life nursing and incision nursing of the parents of the patients in the non-standard group were all lower than those in the standard group(all P<0.05).The common problems of parents of AIS patients in postoperative family nursing are postoperative related problems.Compared with the standard group,the non-standard group showed higher incidence of insomnia,afraid of the improper way of taking care of patients,poor recovery of patients and the patients unable to deal with problems by themselves(all P<0.05).Conclusions:Family nursing knowledge of parents of AIS patients was influenced by several factors.Nursing knowledge education plays an important role in improving parents′awareness of family nursing.The knowledge publicity and education of functional exercise after operation should be strengthened.